Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State: 2022
State Census Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
63	Alabama	Total	2,731	2,061	148	172	7.2%	8.4%
63	Alabama	Public	438	322	70	81	21.8%	25.2%
63	Alabama	Private	2,293	1,739	78	91	4.5%	5.2%
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	423	321	15	16	4.8%	5.1%
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	183	135	10	13	7.5%	9.9%
94	Alaska	Total	1,460	299	48	52	16.1%	17.4%
94	Alaska	Public	419	85	29	31	33.9%	36.9%
94	Alaska	Private	1,041	214	19	21	9.0%	9.6%
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	34	7	0	0	4.6%	4.6%
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	81	17	5	5	27.4%	27.4%
86	Arizona	Total	1,962	3,057	169	188	5.5%	6.2%
86	Arizona	Public	265	409	71	79	17.4%	19.3%
86	Arizona	Private	1,697	2,648	98	110	3.7%	4.1%
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	162	251	3	3	1.3%	1.3%
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	134	214	13	13	6.1%	6.1%
71	Arkansas	Total	2,164	1,202	58	68	4.9%	5.6%
71	Arkansas	Public	374	203	16	21	8.1%	10.3%
71	Arkansas	Private	1,790	1,000	42	47	4.2%	4.7%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	258	145	14	14	10.0%	10.0%
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	118	65	4	4	6.8%	6.8%
93	California	Total	11,104	16,246	2,617	2,857	16.1%	17.6%
93	California	Public	1,740	2,513	1,344	1,444	53.5%	57.4%
93	California	Private	9,364	13,732	1,273	1,413	9.3%	10.3%
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	971	1,404	69	76	4.9%	5.4%
93	California	Priv. Construction	690	1,043	159	170	15.2%	16.3%
84	Colorado	Total	1,894	2,667	178	201	6.7%	7.5%
84	Colorado	Public	325	460	83	94	18.1%	20.5%
84	Colorado	Private	1,569	2,207	95	106	4.3%	4.8%
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	106	155	4	6	2.9%	4.0%
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	129	187	4	5	2.2%	2.9%
16	Connecticut	Total	1,391	1,659	235	255	14.2%	15.4%
16	Connecticut	Public	200	237	138	145	58.2%	61.1%
16	Connecticut	Private	1,191	1,422	97	110	6.9%	7.7%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	152	177	12	17	6.9%	9.6%
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	71	87	12	12	14.0%	14.0%
51	Delaware	Total	1,460	442	37	42	8.5%	9.4%
51	Delaware	Public	227	66	23	25	34.4%	38.0%
51	Delaware	Private	1,233	376	15	16	3.9%	4.4%
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	109	33	2	2	6.3%	6.3%
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	109	34	3	3	10.1%	10.1%
53	District of Columbia	Total	2,317	331	30	35	9.1%	10.4%
53	District of Columbia	Public	651	90	17	20	19.3%	22.0%
53	District of Columbia	Private	1,666	241	13	15	5.3%	6.1%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Manufacturing	30	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
53	District of Columbia	Priv. Construction	47	7	1	1	14.4%	14.4%
59	Florida	Total	6,011	9,104	414	512	4.5%	5.6%
59	Florida	Public	722	1,104	239	291	21.7%	26.4%
59	Florida	Private	5,289	8,000	175	220	2.2%	2.8%
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	292	434	10	11	2.3%	2.6%
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	451	684	10	10	1.5%	1.5%
58	Georgia	Total	2,746	4,527	200	244	4.4%	5.4%
58	Georgia	Public	416	658	88	115	13.4%	17.5%
58	Georgia	Private	2,330	3,869	112	128	2.9%	3.3%
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	304	475	13	15	2.8%	3.1%
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	174	293	14	15	4.7%	5.2%
95	Hawaii	Total	1,855	571	124	133	21.7%	23.3%
95	Hawaii	Public	415	124	65	69	52.3%	55.6%
95	Hawaii	Private	1,440	447	59	64	13.3%	14.4%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	40	11	1	1	7.5%	7.5%
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	115	39	11	11	27.9%	27.9%
82	Idaho	Total	2,335	824	39	49	4.7%	5.9%
82	Idaho	Public	377	129	18	23	13.9%	17.9%
82	Idaho	Private	1,958	695	21	26	3.0%	3.7%
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	262	92	6	7	6.3%	7.3%
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	162	56	4	4	6.3%	6.3%
33	Illinois	Total	3,605	5,612	734	790	13.1%	14.1%
33	Illinois	Public	467	737	363	382	49.2%	51.8%
33	Illinois	Private	3,138	4,875	371	408	7.6%	8.4%
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	486	742	65	70	8.8%	9.4%
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	185	281	93	95	33.0%	33.9%
32	Indiana	Total	2,220	3,026	223	261	7.4%	8.6%
32	Indiana	Public	269	355	74	96	21.0%	27.0%
32	Indiana	Private	1,951	2,671	149	165	5.6%	6.2%
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	409	538	68	71	12.6%	13.1%
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	104	142	12	12	8.3%	8.3%
42	Iowa	Total	1,600	1,507	105	131	7.0%	8.7%
42	Iowa	Public	219	205	43	58	20.9%	28.3%
42	Iowa	Private	1,381	1,303	63	73	4.8%	5.6%
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	227	219	26	28	12.1%	13.0%
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	100	97	15	15	15.1%	15.1%
47	Kansas	Total	1,663	1,322	129	161	9.8%	12.2%
47	Kansas	Public	329	256	53	71	20.5%	27.9%
47	Kansas	Private	1,334	1,066	77	90	7.2%	8.4%
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	220	176	28	33	15.9%	18.6%
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	70	57	9	9	15.6%	15.6%
61	Kentucky	Total	1,400	1,787	141	185	7.9%	10.3%
61	Kentucky	Public	219	270	45	65	16.6%	23.9%
61	Kentucky	Private	1,181	1,517	96	120	6.3%	7.9%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	198	251	35	38	14.0%	15.0%
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	62	80	6	7	7.1%	8.4%
72	Louisiana	Total	2,745	1,798	75	94	4.2%	5.2%
72	Louisiana	Public	493	311	40	51	12.9%	16.5%
72	Louisiana	Private	2,252	1,487	35	43	2.4%	2.9%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	193	129	6	7	4.5%	5.6%
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	183	115	5	7	3.9%	5.8%
11	Maine	Total	923	528	48	61	9.2%	11.5%
11	Maine	Public	142	81	34	40	42.2%	49.5%
11	Maine	Private	781	447	14	21	3.2%	4.6%
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	82	44	3	3	7.2%	7.2%
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	40	25	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
52	Maryland	Total	1,734	2,817	327	372	11.6%	13.2%
52	Maryland	Public	445	710	204	235	28.8%	33.1%
52	Maryland	Private	1,289	2,107	123	137	5.8%	6.5%
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	72	110	4	4	3.6%	3.6%
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	111	183	15	15	8.3%	8.3%
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,086	3,240	412	447	12.7%	13.8%
14	Massachusetts	Public	382	397	224	232	56.4%	58.4%
14	Massachusetts	Private	2,704	2,843	189	215	6.6%	7.6%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	277	292	17	19	5.7%	6.5%
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	161	173	28	30	16.2%	17.2%
34	Michigan	Total	2,876	4,216	589	645	14.0%	15.3%
34	Michigan	Public	287	418	188	205	45.0%	49.1%
34	Michigan	Private	2,589	3,799	401	440	10.6%	11.6%
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	560	822	159	171	19.4%	20.8%
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	132	195	49	51	25.4%	26.0%
41	Minnesota	Total	1,935	2,696	385	414	14.3%	15.3%
41	Minnesota	Public	275	378	180	192	47.5%	50.8%
41	Minnesota	Private	1,660	2,318	205	222	8.9%	9.6%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	276	370	38	41	10.4%	11.2%
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	95	136	42	42	31.0%	31.0%
64	Mississippi	Total	2,099	1,103	62	79	5.6%	7.2%
64	Mississippi	Public	391	202	25	30	12.6%	15.0%
64	Mississippi	Private	1,708	901	36	49	4.0%	5.4%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	283	151	14	17	9.1%	11.2%
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	118	64	1	1	1.8%	1.8%
43	Missouri	Total	1,975	2,682	256	283	9.5%	10.5%
43	Missouri	Public	289	386	85	98	22.0%	25.5%
43	Missouri	Private	1,686	2,297	171	184	7.5%	8.0%
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	236	316	50	51	15.8%	16.1%
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	128	172	44	45	25.7%	26.4%
81	Montana	Total	2,101	467	52	57	11.2%	12.3%
81	Montana	Public	429	91	32	36	35.1%	39.3%
81	Montana	Private	1,672	376	20	22	5.4%	5.8%
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	125	27	1	1	4.2%	4.2%
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	136	31	3	3	8.1%	8.1%
46	Nebraska	Total	1,757	923	60	74	6.5%	8.0%
46	Nebraska	Public	251	128	24	31	19.1%	24.3%
46	Nebraska	Private	1,506	795	36	43	4.5%	5.4%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	195	104	14	15	13.3%	14.8%
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	98	50	5	6	10.1%	12.0%
88	Nevada	Total	1,684	1,284	145	164	11.3%	12.8%
88	Nevada	Public	206	150	54	63	36.2%	42.0%
88	Nevada	Private	1,478	1,134	91	101	8.0%	8.9%
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	101	76	3	3	3.6%	4.4%
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	116	90	13	15	14.6%	16.9%
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,839	687	69	77	10.1%	11.1%
12	New Hampshire	Public	284	102	48	52	46.5%	51.0%
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,555	585	22	24	3.7%	4.2%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	263	97	1	2	1.4%	1.7%
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	86	35	3	3	8.4%	9.3%
22	New Jersey	Total	2,543	4,158	618	665	14.9%	16.0%
22	New Jersey	Public	337	551	316	331	57.4%	60.2%
22	New Jersey	Private	2,206	3,607	302	334	8.4%	9.2%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	245	396	18	22	4.5%	5.7%
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	129	212	44	49	20.7%	23.0%
85	New Mexico	Total	2,002	807	71	86	8.8%	10.6%
85	New Mexico	Public	483	189	43	52	22.6%	27.8%
85	New Mexico	Private	1,519	619	29	33	4.6%	5.4%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	94	38	2	3	4.5%	6.6%
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	154	65	4	5	6.5%	7.1%
21	New York	Total	4,812	8,127	1,678	1,794	20.6%	22.1%
21	New York	Public	765	1,283	846	882	65.9%	68.7%
21	New York	Private	4,047	6,844	832	912	12.2%	13.3%
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	301	505	66	71	13.0%	14.1%
21	New York	Priv. Construction	227	389	72	72	18.5%	18.5%
56	North Carolina	Total	3,100	4,402	124	172	2.8%	3.9%
56	North Carolina	Public	494	687	56	79	8.2%	11.4%
56	North Carolina	Private	2,606	3,715	68	94	1.8%	2.5%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	381	541	4	8	0.8%	1.4%
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	213	301	5	7	1.6%	2.4%
44	North Dakota	Total	2,224	365	23	28	6.4%	7.6%
44	North Dakota	Public	379	61	12	14	20.1%	23.8%
44	North Dakota	Private	1,845	304	11	13	3.6%	4.4%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	194	32	2	2	5.6%	5.6%
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	132	22	2	2	10.8%	10.8%
31	Ohio	Total	3,028	4,990	639	697	12.8%	14.0%
31	Ohio	Public	436	707	316	346	44.6%	48.9%
31	Ohio	Private	2,592	4,282	323	351	7.5%	8.2%
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	498	780	88	88	11.3%	11.3%
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	142	236	45	48	19.0%	20.4%
73	Oklahoma	Total	1,758	1,587	88	113	5.5%	7.1%
73	Oklahoma	Public	383	337	55	71	16.4%	21.0%
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,375	1,250	33	42	2.6%	3.4%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	176	150	8	12	5.5%	7.8%
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	97	90	5	5	5.6%	5.6%
92	Oregon	Total	2,122	1,814	282	306	15.5%	16.9%
92	Oregon	Public	336	279	158	171	56.4%	61.2%
92	Oregon	Private	1,786	1,534	124	135	8.1%	8.8%
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	275	234	17	18	7.4%	7.8%
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	133	115	16	17	14.1%	14.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Total	3,697	5,630	715	767	12.7%	13.6%
23	Pennsylvania	Public	466	698	352	381	50.5%	54.6%
23	Pennsylvania	Private	3,231	4,932	363	386	7.4%	7.8%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	439	655	69	74	10.5%	11.2%
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	198	307	79	79	25.8%	25.8%
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,159	505	82	90	16.2%	17.8%
15	Rhode Island	Public	156	66	40	42	61.0%	63.9%
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,003	439	42	48	9.5%	10.8%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	137	58	6	7	10.3%	12.6%
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	50	24	5	5	18.9%	22.2%
57	South Carolina	Total	2,003	2,054	35	40	1.7%	1.9%
57	South Carolina	Public	328	326	12	15	3.8%	4.6%
57	South Carolina	Private	1,675	1,728	23	25	1.3%	1.4%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	283	292	6	6	2.0%	2.0%
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	121	126	4	4	3.1%	3.1%
45	South Dakota	Total	1,575	412	13	17	3.2%	4.2%
45	South Dakota	Public	194	49	8	10	16.2%	19.8%
45	South Dakota	Private	1,381	363	5	8	1.4%	2.1%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	211	56	1	1	1.4%	1.8%
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	74	20	1	1	4.2%	6.2%
62	Tennessee	Total	2,345	2,934	162	184	5.5%	6.3%
62	Tennessee	Public	342	417	91	102	21.9%	24.5%
62	Tennessee	Private	2,003	2,517	71	82	2.8%	3.2%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	308	374	20	27	5.4%	7.2%
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	141	181	11	12	5.9%	6.5%
74	Texas	Total	7,520	12,509	517	642	4.1%	5.1%
74	Texas	Public	1,050	1,720	280	332	16.3%	19.3%
74	Texas	Private	6,470	10,789	237	310	2.2%	2.9%
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	669	1,108	15	25	1.3%	2.2%
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	603	1,034	40	43	3.8%	4.1%
87	Utah	Total	2,423	1,539	60	134	3.9%	8.7%
87	Utah	Public	363	227	40	56	17.8%	24.8%
87	Utah	Private	2,060	1,312	20	77	1.5%	5.9%
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	253	164	2	13	1.2%	8.0%
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	167	110	4	8	3.5%	7.0%
13	Vermont	Total	1,697	283	34	38	12.1%	13.5%
13	Vermont	Public	299	48	20	22	42.4%	46.9%
13	Vermont	Private	1,398	235	14	16	5.9%	6.7%
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	169	28	0	1	1.6%	2.1%
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	85	14	1	1	4.5%	4.5%
54	Virginia	Total	2,531	3,909	146	176	3.7%	4.5%
54	Virginia	Public	582	877	79	95	9.0%	10.8%
54	Virginia	Private	1,949	3,032	67	81	2.2%	2.7%
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	160	251	12	12	4.8%	4.8%
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	141	220	9	9	4.1%	4.1%
91	Washington	Total	2,490	3,411	613	651	18.0%	19.1%
91	Washington	Public	472	645	317	336	49.1%	52.2%
91	Washington	Private	2,018	2,767	297	315	10.7%	11.4%
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	271	367	67	67	18.2%	18.2%
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	162	221	43	49	19.3%	22.1%
55	West Virginia	Total	2,291	687	64	69	9.2%	10.0%
55	West Virginia	Public	463	134	26	29	19.8%	21.7%
55	West Virginia	Private	1,828	554	37	40	6.7%	7.2%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	217	67	8	8	11.9%	11.9%
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	125	38	7	7	19.1%	19.1%
35	Wisconsin	Total	1,925	2,647	187	212	7.1%	8.0%
35	Wisconsin	Public	271	358	67	78	18.8%	21.8%
35	Wisconsin	Private	1,654	2,288	120	134	5.2%	5.9%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	361	497	45	48	9.1%	9.6%
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	107	144	31	31	21.4%	21.4%
83	Wyoming	Total	1,797	243	14	18	5.6%	7.3%
83	Wyoming	Public	481	63	8	11	12.7%	17.9%
83	Wyoming	Private	1,316	180	6	6	3.1%	3.6%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	66	10	0	0	4.4%	4.4%
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	101	15	1	1	3.7%	3.7%
Copyright 2024 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.