Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation: 1983
COC	Occupation	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS	16,794	8,546	690	916	8.1%	10.7%
3	Legislators	16	7	1	1	9.3%	9.3%
4	Chief executives and general administrators, public admin.	37	16	1	2	5.1%	12.1%
5	Administrators and officials, public administration	920	419	83	112	19.7%	26.8%
6	Administrators, protective services	117	55	8	10	13.7%	18.2%
7	Financial managers	640	332	4	7	1.2%	2.0%
8	Personnel and labor relations managers	213	105	4	6	4.0%	5.9%
9	Purchasing managers	151	81	3	5	3.5%	5.6%
13	Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations	687	378	8	13	2.1%	3.5%
14	Administrators, education and related fields	833	406	92	120	22.8%	29.6%
15	Managers, medicine and health	173	87	8	10	8.7%	11.2%
16	Managers, properties and real estate	354	185	10	12	5.2%	6.4%
17	Postmasters and mail superintendents	79	33	16	17	49.9%	52.4%
18	Funeral directors	45	25	3	3	10.3%	10.3%
19	Managers and administrators, n.e.c.	7,473	3,811	223	294	5.8%	7.7%
23	Accountants and auditors	1,817	950	65	87	6.9%	9.1%
24	Underwriters	58	34	0	1	0.0%	2.7%
25	Other financial officers	935	474	16	26	3.5%	5.4%
26	Management analysts	139	73	3	5	3.4%	7.3%
27	Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists	578	298	43	54	14.3%	18.0%
28	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	28	11	0	1	0.0%	6.5%
29	Buyers, wholesale and retail trade except farm products	318	161	6	9	4.0%	5.7%
33	Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.	355	192	11	18	5.8%	9.2%
34	Business and promotion agents	96	47	7	8	14.8%	16.0%
35	Construction inspectors	108	50	13	18	25.6%	36.1%
36	Inspectors and compliance officers, exc. construction	300	151	49	60	32.5%	39.4%
37	Management related occupations, n.e.c.	324	164	15	20	9.3%	12.0%
	PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS	14,334	7,298	920	1,259	12.6%	17.3%
43	Architects	126	62	2	3	3.9%	5.0%
44	Aerospace engineers	142	83	9	13	11.0%	15.6%
45	Metallurgical and materials engineers	45	27	3	5	11.9%	19.8%
46	Mining engineers	22	7	1	1	10.3%	11.6%
47	Petroleum engineers	63	33	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
48	Chemical engineers	134	68	3	3	4.4%	4.4%
49	Nuclear engineers	30	16	1	3	6.5%	18.9%
53	Civil engineers	387	189	25	33	13.3%	17.3%
54	Agricultural engineers	10	6	0	1	0.0%	10.9%
55	Electrical and electronic engineers	784	432	31	53	7.1%	12.2%
56	Industrial engineers	371	205	15	19	7.1%	9.2%
57	Mechanical engineers	432	245	16	27	6.4%	11.1%
58	Marine and naval architects engineers	23	12	5	5	37.8%	42.8%
59	Engineers, n.e.c.	342	179	8	13	4.3%	7.5%
63	Surveyors and mapping scientists	63	29	3	3	9.3%	9.9%
64	Computer systems analysts and scientists	474	253	19	30	7.4%	12.1%
65	Operations and systems researchers and analysts	253	137	10	19	7.0%	14.2%
66	Actuaries	20	9	0	0	5.3%	5.3%
67	Statisticians	51	25	3	5	12.0%	19.5%
68	Mathematical scientists, n.e.c.	20	9	1	1	6.3%	8.2%
69	Physicists and astronomers	62	32	1	1	1.7%	3.8%
73	Chemists, except biochemists	187	100	8	11	8.1%	10.5%
74	Atmospheric and space scientists	23	11	1	1	6.7%	7.4%
75	Geologists and geodesists	118	53	2	3	3.8%	5.1%
76	Physical scientists, n.e.c.	18	8	0	1	0.5%	6.8%
77	Agricultural and food scientists	64	27	2	3	8.0%	11.8%
78	Biological and life scientists	123	57	6	10	10.5%	18.0%
79	Forestry and conservation scientists	89	31	5	5	14.5%	15.2%
83	Medical scientists	36	19	1	2	6.2%	13.0%
84	Physicians	455	244	15	25	6.1%	10.5%
85	Dentists	31	17	1	1	3.4%	4.9%
86	Veterinarians	28	13	0	0	3.0%	3.0%
87	Optometrists	5	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
88	Podiatrists	3	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
89	Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.	6	2	1	1	32.2%	32.2%
95	Registered nurses	2,701	1,364	224	313	16.4%	22.9%
96	Pharmacists	249	126	12	13	9.2%	10.2%
97	Dietitians	137	69	7	8	10.0%	11.2%
98	Inhalation therapists	135	68	5	7	7.7%	10.5%
99	Occupational therapists	57	29	7	10	26.0%	33.4%
103	Physical therapists	88	44	7	8	14.7%	18.5%
104	Speech therapists	90	48	25	30	52.2%	62.3%
105	Therapists, n.e.c.	84	41	12	16	28.0%	37.8%
106	Physicians' assistants	98	50	14	16	28.1%	31.3%
	TEACHERS, POSTSECONDARY	1,254	617	123	173	20.0%	28.1%
113	Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers	14	6	1	1	10.0%	10.0%
114	Biological science teachers	54	26	7	9	26.7%	34.3%
115	Chemistry teachers	40	19	2	3	12.2%	15.4%
116	Physics teachers	13	8	0	1	0.0%	6.9%
117	Natural science teachers, n.e.c.	1	0	0	0	0.0%	100.0%
118	Psychology teachers	36	16	2	3	15.0%	19.8%
119	Economics teachers	42	24	5	8	19.0%	31.5%
123	History teachers	29	15	2	4	13.5%	25.7%
124	Political science teachers	21	11	3	4	27.2%	35.1%
125	Sociology teachers	17	9	3	4	29.8%	42.6%
126	Social science teachers, n.e.c.	12	8	2	2	22.6%	22.6%
127	Engineering teachers	64	32	9	12	28.6%	38.2%
128	Mathematical science teachers	83	44	12	14	26.7%	32.4%
129	Computer science teachers	27	13	3	4	23.0%	28.9%
133	Medical science teachers	21	12	2	3	19.8%	24.8%
134	Health specialties teachers	91	45	11	15	25.2%	32.6%
135	Business, commerce, and marketing teachers	57	27	6	10	21.6%	36.2%
136	Agriculture and forestry teachers	10	4	1	1	12.9%	19.8%
137	Art, drama, and music teachers	86	43	9	13	20.5%	30.8%
138	Physical education teachers	28	15	2	4	11.1%	23.7%
139	Education teachers	18	8	2	2	23.2%	29.6%
143	English teachers	103	49	10	17	21.1%	34.9%
144	Foreign language teachers	50	27	5	7	19.7%	24.4%
145	Law teachers	11	6	1	1	11.6%	15.8%
146	Social work teachers	9	3	1	1	21.4%	21.4%
147	Theology teachers	20	10	2	3	18.3%	28.5%
148	Trade and industrial teachers	14	6	3	3	51.5%	51.5%
149	Home economics teachers	8	4	1	1	36.2%	36.2%
153	Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c.	9	4	1	1	20.2%	20.2%
154	Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified	266	123	16	25	13.4%	20.5%
	TEACHERS, EXCEPT POSTSECONDARY	6,610	3,197	1,620	1,959	50.7%	61.3%
155	Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten	583	285	75	93	26.3%	32.7%
156	Teachers, elementary school	2,778	1,349	778	932	57.7%	69.1%
157	Teachers, secondary school	2,503	1,204	691	835	57.4%	69.4%
158	Teachers, special education	164	85	46	55	55.0%	65.7%
159	Teachers, n.e.c.	582	274	29	43	10.8%	15.7%
163	Counselors, educational and vocational	371	182	68	84	37.5%	46.3%
164	Librarians	397	191	66	78	34.7%	40.8%
165	Archivists and curators	39	18	0	1	0.8%	6.2%
166	Economists	185	89	1	6	1.3%	7.3%
167	Psychologists	211	108	23	29	21.0%	27.2%
168	Sociologists	3	1	1	1	79.0%	79.0%
169	Social scientists, n.e.c.	25	9	1	2	16.1%	17.7%
173	Urban planners	24	12	1	2	5.7%	15.4%
174	Social workers	808	407	103	140	25.3%	34.3%
175	Recreation workers	133	63	7	7	11.0%	11.8%
176	Clergy	512	253	3	10	1.2%	3.8%
177	Religious workers, n.e.c.	110	61	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
178	Lawyers	597	307	19	24	6.2%	8.0%
179	Judges	84	39	3	4	8.1%	10.2%
183	Authors	28	13	2	2	13.9%	13.9%
184	Technical writers	88	50	3	4	5.6%	8.1%
185	Designers	544	275	17	23	6.0%	8.3%
186	Musicians and composers	157	77	21	22	26.9%	28.6%
187	Actors and directors	80	41	12	14	30.0%	32.8%
188	Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist print-makers	157	85	7	12	8.5%	14.3%
189	Photographers	134	68	10	12	14.1%	17.2%
193	Dancers	17	8	0	0	0.0%	3.1%
194	Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.	76	38	4	6	11.8%	17.0%
195	Editors and reporters	411	193	23	28	11.7%	14.5%
197	Public relations specialists	293	153	10	15	6.4%	9.8%
198	Announcers	83	32	5	5	14.4%	14.7%
199	Athletes	88	45	5	8	10.0%	16.8%
	TECHNICIANS AND RELATED SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	5,794	3,001	399	515	13.3%	17.1%
203	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	489	255	25	33	9.8%	13.1%
204	Dental hygienists	130	66	5	5	7.4%	7.4%
205	Health record technologists and technicians	94	46	6	8	13.7%	18.3%
206	Radiologic technicians	197	98	12	15	12.6%	15.6%
207	Licensed practical nurses	893	456	71	88	15.7%	19.3%
208	Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.	372	199	22	31	10.9%	15.4%
213	Electrical and electronic technicians	494	262	56	68	21.5%	25.9%
214	Industrial engineering technicians	16	9	2	2	17.0%	24.6%
215	Mechanical engineering technicians	29	15	2	2	12.1%	15.4%
216	Engineering technicians, n.e.c.	415	229	32	43	13.9%	18.7%
217	Drafting occupations	499	264	30	45	11.3%	17.1%
218	Surveying and mapping technicians	103	48	11	14	22.2%	28.5%
223	Biological technicians	103	49	5	8	10.9%	15.2%
224	Chemical technicians	154	75	10	13	13.7%	17.1%
225	Science technicians, n.e.c.	140	67	10	12	15.5%	17.7%
226	Airplane pilots and navigators	125	61	29	30	46.6%	48.6%
227	Air traffic controllers	57	28	6	8	19.8%	27.2%
228	Broadcast equipment operators	66	28	8	8	26.8%	27.2%
229	Computer programmers	759	408	23	37	5.7%	9.0%
233	Tool programmers, numerical control	7	4	1	1	16.5%	30.6%
234	Legal assistants	243	122	6	7	4.5%	5.9%
235	Technicians, n.e.c.	409	209	28	37	13.2%	17.7%
	SALES OCCUPATIONS	18,004	9,234	616	739	6.7%	8.0%
243	Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations	3,462	1,774	115	142	6.5%	8.0%
253	Insurance sales occupations	728	382	16	22	4.1%	5.9%
254	Real estate sales occupations	574	288	3	7	1.2%	2.4%
255	Securities and financial services sales occupations	296	163	1	2	0.8%	1.2%
256	Advertising and related sales occupations	219	109	8	10	7.0%	8.7%
257	Sales occupations, other business services	634	338	19	23	5.7%	6.8%
258	Sales engineers	58	32	1	1	1.9%	3.9%
259	Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale	2,231	1,182	28	41	2.4%	3.5%
263	Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats	404	200	2	2	0.9%	1.2%
264	Sales workers, apparel	871	437	15	19	3.5%	4.4%
265	Sales workers, shoes	203	111	4	4	3.4%	3.9%
266	Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings	216	111	2	3	1.8%	2.4%
267	Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances	211	109	2	3	2.2%	2.3%
268	Sales workers, hardware and building supplies	355	173	3	5	1.8%	3.1%
269	Sales workers, parts	287	144	7	12	5.1%	8.1%
274	Sales workers, other commodities	2,647	1,337	51	63	3.8%	4.7%
275	Sales counter clerks	240	121	7	7	5.6%	6.1%
276	Cashiers	3,819	1,950	323	360	16.6%	18.4%
277	Street and door-to-door sales workers	311	156	3	4	2.2%	2.6%
278	News vendors	160	78	2	4	2.2%	5.4%
283	Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales	45	22	3	3	14.2%	14.2%
284	Auctioneers	8	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
285	Sales support occupations, n.e.c.	25	15	0	1	0.0%	5.4%
	ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING CLERICAL	31,089	15,789	2,363	2,945	15.0%	18.7%
303	Supervisors, general office	750	378	44	65	11.6%	17.1%
304	Supervisors, computer equipment operators	75	39	3	5	7.8%	13.8%
305	Supervisors, financial records processing	186	103	7	8	6.6%	8.2%
306	Chief communications operators	10	5	1	1	15.4%	17.4%
307	Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks	282	150	34	40	22.5%	26.9%
308	Computer operators	1,095	582	82	103	14.1%	17.6%
309	Peripheral equipment operators	19	9	1	1	15.4%	15.4%
313	Secretaries	7,525	3,777	272	390	7.2%	10.3%
314	Stenographers	110	53	15	22	28.6%	41.0%
315	Typists	1,724	880	123	158	13.9%	18.0%
316	Interviewers	341	185	11	16	6.1%	8.6%
317	Hotel clerks	142	56	3	4	6.2%	7.8%
318	Transportation ticket and reservation agents	196	99	24	29	24.6%	29.0%
319	Receptionists	1,173	582	32	37	5.5%	6.3%
323	Information clerks, n.e.c.	368	198	23	27	11.8%	13.6%
325	Classified-ad clerks	12	6	2	2	32.0%	38.2%
326	Correspondence clerks	33	18	1	2	6.7%	13.0%
327	Order clerks	329	170	54	67	31.7%	39.3%
328	Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping	112	55	10	15	17.9%	26.4%
329	Library clerks	298	150	17	26	11.6%	17.5%
335	File clerks	559	293	38	51	13.0%	17.5%
336	Records clerks	305	156	32	40	20.7%	25.8%
337	Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks	3,402	1,655	116	150	7.0%	9.1%
338	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	358	188	27	38	14.3%	20.4%
339	Billing clerks	273	138	21	26	15.0%	18.8%
343	Cost and rate clerks	184	96	15	17	15.3%	17.7%
344	Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators	102	55	5	6	8.8%	10.1%
345	Duplicating machine operators	36	20	3	4	12.7%	18.8%
346	Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators	16	8	4	4	52.4%	52.4%
347	Office machine operators, n.e.c.	68	35	2	3	7.0%	8.5%
348	Telephone operators	485	241	102	111	42.4%	46.1%
349	Telegraphers	15	4	3	3	67.3%	77.1%
353	Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.	11	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
354	Postal clerks, exc. mail carriers	517	250	187	218	74.8%	87.1%
355	Mail carriers, postal service	536	266	222	238	83.4%	89.4%
356	Mail clerks, exc. postal service	336	169	23	31	13.6%	18.6%
357	Messengers	228	120	12	14	10.3%	11.7%
359	Dispatchers	305	153	47	50	30.3%	32.3%
363	Production coordinators	331	182	33	42	18.1%	22.9%
364	Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks	787	428	139	149	32.4%	34.9%
365	Stock and inventory clerks	1,009	528	114	137	21.5%	25.9%
366	Meter readers	94	46	26	29	55.8%	62.9%
368	Weighers, measurers, and checkers	166	85	23	24	27.0%	28.1%
369	Samplers	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
373	Expediters	208	108	19	22	17.6%	20.5%
374	Material recording, scheduling, & distributing clerks, n.e.c.	58	33	5	8	16.0%	24.4%
375	Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators	360	195	8	13	4.3%	6.6%
376	Investigators and adjusters, except insurance	579	308	34	44	10.9%	14.1%
377	Eligibility clerks, social welfare	140	67	16	21	23.5%	30.8%
378	Bill and account collectors	194	102	9	12	8.9%	11.4%
379	General office clerks	1,231	627	108	136	17.3%	21.7%
383	Bank tellers	957	481	11	17	2.2%	3.5%
384	Proofreaders	49	27	2	2	5.6%	5.6%
385	Data-entry keyers	587	311	31	44	10.1%	14.1%
386	Statistical clerks	168	90	20	23	22.4%	26.0%
387	Teachers aides	714	353	91	128	25.7%	36.2%
389	Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.	939	471	56	75	11.9%	15.8%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD	1,983	964	1	2	0.1%	0.2%
403	Launderers and ironers	4	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
404	Cooks, private household	38	16	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
405	Housekeepers and butlers	73	41	1	1	1.4%	1.4%
406	Child care workers, private household	876	409	1	1	0.2%	0.3%
407	Private household cleaners and servants	992	497	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PROTECTIVE SERVICE	3,181	1,674	653	746	39.0%	44.6%
413	Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations	58	32	24	26	75.4%	82.8%
414	Supervisors, police and detectives	110	59	32	36	53.8%	61.0%
415	Supervisors, guards	56	29	4	4	12.1%	14.8%
416	Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations	37	16	8	9	51.7%	54.7%
417	Firefighting occupations	349	173	136	142	78.3%	81.7%
418	Police and detectives, public service	791	421	230	262	54.5%	62.3%
423	Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers	185	89	37	43	40.9%	48.2%
424	Correctional institution officers	270	145	64	76	44.0%	52.4%
425	Crossing guards	86	48	8	11	16.9%	22.9%
426	Guards and police, exc. public service	1,094	591	107	129	18.0%	21.8%
427	Protective service occupations, n.e.c.	145	70	5	8	7.6%	10.7%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, EXCEPT PROTECTIVE AND HOUSEHOLD	20,831	10,237	1,316	1,558	12.9%	15.2%
433	Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations	496	245	20	25	8.2%	10.1%
434	Bartenders	656	298	23	26	7.8%	8.6%
435	Waiters and waitresses	2,708	1,319	66	75	5.0%	5.7%
436	Cooks, except short order	2,667	1,279	92	114	7.2%	8.9%
437	Short-order cooks	200	100	3	4	3.3%	4.1%
438	Food counter, fountain and related occupations	641	325	9	10	2.8%	3.1%
439	Kitchen workers, food preparation	259	130	18	20	13.6%	15.8%
443	Waiters'/waitresses' assistants	699	360	41	47	11.4%	13.2%
444	Miscellaneous food preparation occupations	1,343	652	78	94	12.0%	14.4%
445	Dental assistants	302	157	2	3	1.1%	1.9%
446	Health aides, except nursing	610	315	44	57	13.8%	18.1%
447	Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants	2,455	1,250	240	288	19.2%	23.0%
448	Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers	255	118	18	25	15.6%	20.8%
449	Maids and housemen	1,104	506	89	104	17.7%	20.5%
453	Janitors and cleaners	3,944	1,971	444	518	22.5%	26.3%
454	Elevator operators	29	14	7	7	49.3%	49.3%
455	Pest control occupations	58	30	2	3	5.7%	9.7%
456	Supervisors, personal service occupations	91	46	1	2	2.9%	4.2%
457	Barbers	50	25	4	4	14.0%	14.0%
458	Hairdressers and cosmetologists	663	345	8	10	2.2%	3.0%
459	Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities	333	130	5	6	3.5%	4.7%
463	Guides	65	27	3	5	12.8%	17.2%
464	Ushers	48	25	4	4	16.1%	16.1%
465	Public transportation attendants	117	61	50	50	81.8%	82.8%
466	Baggage porters and bellhops	49	19	7	7	35.4%	36.0%
467	Welfare service aides	164	83	10	14	12.6%	16.4%
468	Child care workers, except private household	579	288	14	19	4.9%	6.8%
469	Personal service occupations, n.e.c.	246	122	15	17	12.5%	14.3%
	FARMING, FORESTRY, AND FISHING OCCUPATIONS	3,648	1,775	98	122	5.5%	6.9%
473	Farmers, except horticultural	23	10	0	0	4.8%	4.8%
475	Managers, farms, except horticultural	78	41	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
476	Managers, horticultural specialty farms	6	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
477	Supervisors, farm workers	70	37	2	4	5.2%	10.2%
479	Farm workers	1,881	886	30	32	3.3%	3.6%
483	Marine life cultivation workers	3	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
484	Nursery workers	36	18	0	0	1.8%	1.8%
485	Supervisors, related agricultural occupations	132	70	3	6	4.6%	9.0%
486	Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm	976	510	49	63	9.6%	12.4%
487	Animal caretakers, except farm	151	77	2	3	3.2%	4.4%
488	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	23	11	2	2	16.6%	16.6%
489	Inspectors, agricultural products	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
494	Supervisors, forestry and logging workers	13	6	1	1	8.3%	9.2%
495	Forestry workers, except logging	54	20	1	1	5.7%	5.7%
496	Timber cutting and logging occupations	155	65	7	7	10.0%	11.1%
497	Captains and other officers, fishing vessels	9	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
498	Fishers	37	13	1	2	7.5%	15.8%
	PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS	14,205	7,263	2,256	2,473	31.1%	34.0%
503	Supervisors, mechanics and repairers	500	251	41	54	16.4%	21.5%
505	Automobile mechanics	1,172	613	83	92	13.5%	15.1%
506	Automobile mechanic apprentices	5	3	1	1	25.1%	48.5%
507	Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics	575	274	96	104	35.2%	37.9%
508	Aircraft engine mechanics	179	89	50	55	55.8%	61.5%
509	Small engine repairers	106	52	6	8	12.2%	14.5%
514	Automobile body and related repairers	269	134	14	15	10.2%	10.9%
515	Aircraft mechanics, exc. engine	25	15	10	11	67.6%	74.1%
516	Heavy equipment mechanics	333	152	76	78	50.0%	51.3%
517	Farm equipment mechanics	98	42	2	2	5.7%	5.7%
518	Industry machinery repairers	955	505	217	234	43.0%	46.4%
519	Machinery maintenance occupations	71	31	16	16	50.0%	52.3%
523	Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment	240	128	25	29	19.7%	22.9%
525	Data processing equipment repairers	183	100	11	13	10.5%	13.3%
526	Household appliance and power tool repairers	71	36	6	8	17.8%	21.5%
527	Telephone line installers and repairers	121	61	44	48	71.7%	79.1%
529	Telephone Installers and repairers	468	243	192	204	79.2%	83.7%
533	Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers	113	61	31	34	51.1%	56.2%
534	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics	314	161	42	48	25.9%	29.8%
535	Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers	50	26	7	7	25.6%	25.6%
536	Locksmiths and safe repairers	16	10	1	1	5.4%	5.4%
538	Office machine repairers	118	64	4	6	6.5%	9.8%
539	Mechanical controls and valve repairers	61	29	11	14	37.1%	47.5%
543	Elevator installers and repairers	43	22	17	18	77.5%	79.8%
544	Millwrights	182	94	68	70	72.6%	73.9%
547	Specified mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.	611	304	96	102	31.5%	33.4%
549	Not specified mechanics and repairers	318	162	53	57	32.6%	35.1%
	CONSTRUCTION TRADES	6,473	3,279	1,210	1,288	36.9%	39.3%
553	Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters	9	5	1	1	16.0%	27.0%
554	Supervisors; carpenters and related workers	45	22	9	10	42.9%	45.6%
555	Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers	70	34	15	18	46.0%	54.7%
556	Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers	10	5	3	3	55.1%	55.1%
557	Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	27	14	7	7	47.5%	50.1%
558	Supervisors; n.e.c.	582	296	87	94	29.4%	31.7%
563	Brickmasons and stonemasons	200	101	45	48	44.2%	47.2%
564	Brickmason and stonemason apprentices	6	3	1	1	45.1%	45.1%
565	Tile setters, hard and soft	48	30	11	11	35.5%	36.4%
566	Carpet installers	93	51	9	9	17.1%	18.4%
567	Carpenters	1,580	784	215	231	27.4%	29.4%
569	Carpenter apprentices	18	10	4	5	39.2%	51.7%
573	Drywall installers	128	63	20	22	31.8%	34.7%
575	Electricians	1,049	532	289	305	54.4%	57.3%
576	Electrician apprentices	45	23	6	7	26.0%	31.1%
577	Electrical power installers and repairers	222	103	64	68	62.2%	65.9%
579	Painters, construction and maintenance	587	308	58	63	18.8%	20.4%
583	Paperhangers	23	12	1	1	11.3%	11.3%
584	Plasterers	49	28	9	9	31.3%	32.1%
585	Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	721	366	179	185	49.0%	50.6%
587	Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices	29	14	5	5	35.8%	35.8%
588	Concrete and terrazzo finishers	121	56	18	19	31.6%	34.5%
589	Glaziers	64	35	14	14	40.6%	40.6%
593	Insulation workers	87	49	21	23	43.4%	47.0%
594	Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	14	6	3	3	51.6%	51.6%
595	Roofers	169	99	18	18	18.7%	18.7%
596	Sheetmetal duct installers	49	25	9	9	35.1%	36.6%
597	Structural metal workers	113	56	40	41	70.5%	73.2%
598	Drillers, earth	27	11	3	3	22.3%	22.3%
599	Construction trades, n.e.c.	288	139	46	54	32.8%	38.4%
613	Supervisors, extractive occupations	120	47	2	3	3.4%	5.5%
614	Drillers, oil well	130	56	4	5	6.5%	9.5%
615	Explosives workers	19	7	3	3	47.6%	47.6%
616	Mining machine operators	90	32	20	22	64.7%	68.5%
617	Mining occupations, n.e.c.	101	39	16	17	40.1%	44.5%
633	Supervisors, production occupations	2,331	1,200	146	190	12.1%	15.8%
634	Tool and die makers	243	136	62	66	45.4%	48.3%
635	Tool and die maker apprentices	11	7	2	2	21.4%	31.9%
636	Precision assemblers, metal	10	6	4	4	69.7%	69.7%
637	Machinists	830	454	201	213	44.2%	46.8%
639	Machinist apprentices	11	5	3	3	49.7%	49.7%
643	Boilermakers	69	36	24	24	67.3%	67.6%
644	Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners	32	16	7	7	47.6%	47.6%
645	Patternmakers and model makers, metal	12	7	3	3	36.4%	44.1%
646	Lay-out workers	31	15	9	9	60.7%	60.7%
647	Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers)	52	23	3	4	12.9%	15.5%
649	Engravers, metal	20	10	2	3	19.1%	24.7%
653	Sheet metal workers	234	128	70	74	54.5%	58.0%
654	Sheet metal worker apprentices	7	4	2	3	56.4%	72.4%
655	Miscellaneous precision metal workers	2	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
656	Patternmakers and model makers, wood	6	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
657	Cabinet makers and bench carpenters	49	26	7	8	27.3%	29.8%
658	Furniture and wood finishers	38	21	5	5	25.7%	25.7%
659	Miscellaneous precision woodworkers	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
666	Dressmakers	117	59	10	10	17.6%	17.6%
667	Tailors	70	38	11	11	28.3%	28.3%
668	Upholsterers	61	35	3	4	8.3%	10.2%
669	Shoe repairers	38	18	2	2	9.5%	9.5%
673	Apparel and fabric patternmakers	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
674	Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers	4	3	0	1	0.0%	27.9%
675	Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers	24	11	3	3	26.0%	26.0%
676	Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters	39	23	7	7	28.8%	31.4%
677	Optical goods workers	88	43	5	5	11.3%	11.3%
678	Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians	67	34	4	4	11.4%	11.4%
679	Bookbinders	60	32	8	9	24.4%	26.8%
683	Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers	437	242	74	79	30.5%	32.6%
684	Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c.	40	22	4	5	20.4%	23.9%
686	Butchers and meat cutters	538	259	107	116	41.3%	44.6%
687	Bakers	179	93	28	29	29.6%	30.8%
688	Food batchmakers	50	24	5	5	19.2%	19.2%
689	Inspectors, testers, and graders	228	123	54	57	44.3%	46.4%
693	Adjusters and calibrators	20	11	5	6	46.9%	53.0%
694	Water and sewage treatment plant operators	72	34	14	15	40.2%	45.0%
695	Power plant operators	105	53	30	33	56.4%	62.8%
696	Stationary engineers	232	124	54	57	43.9%	46.3%
699	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	89	40	15	20	37.7%	50.0%
	MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, AND INSPECTORS	14,180	7,537	2,784	2,973	36.9%	39.4%
703	Lathe and turning machine set-up operators	57	30	18	19	58.8%	64.5%
704	Lathe and turning machine operators	134	79	29	31	36.4%	38.9%
705	Milling and planing machine operators	35	19	8	8	40.4%	43.5%
706	Punching and stamping press machine operators	205	118	65	68	55.1%	57.9%
707	Rolling machine operators	37	20	15	16	74.5%	77.5%
708	Drilling and boring machine operators	53	35	17	17	48.3%	50.2%
709	Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators	263	149	74	78	49.6%	52.1%
713	Forging machine operators	31	16	13	13	79.3%	79.3%
714	Numerical control machine operators	3	2	1	1	36.9%	36.9%
715	Misc. metal, plastic, stone, & glass working machine operators	74	41	19	22	47.6%	54.3%
717	Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c.	51	30	10	11	33.9%	35.8%
719	Molding and casting machine operators	184	99	33	35	33.7%	35.0%
723	Metal plating machine operators	74	40	8	8	20.8%	20.8%
724	Heat treating equipment operators	30	16	9	10	57.7%	61.2%
725	Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators	27	14	6	6	41.8%	43.5%
726	Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators	28	11	1	2	13.2%	14.0%
727	Sawing machine operators	186	83	14	14	17.0%	17.5%
728	Shaping and joining machine operators	12	5	1	1	11.7%	11.7%
729	Nail and tacking machine operators	13	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
733	Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators	42	23	2	2	7.0%	8.6%
734	Printing machine operators	540	287	87	96	30.4%	33.3%
735	Photoengravers and lithographers	73	41	16	18	40.4%	44.3%
736	Typesetters and compositors	133	68	10	12	14.5%	17.2%
737	Miscellaneous printing machine operators	76	36	9	11	26.0%	29.3%
738	Winding and twisting machine operators	166	99	11	17	11.3%	17.7%
739	Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators	76	42	5	6	12.9%	14.4%
743	Textile cutting machine operators	12	5	2	2	41.6%	41.6%
744	Textile sewing machine operators	1,430	788	220	238	28.0%	30.2%
745	Shoe machine operators	211	81	25	25	30.3%	31.4%
747	Pressing machine operators	277	146	46	48	31.3%	32.6%
748	Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators	336	154	24	25	15.6%	16.5%
749	Miscellaneous textile machine operators	132	76	13	14	17.7%	18.8%
753	Cementing and gluing machine operators	71	41	15	18	35.6%	44.3%
754	Packaging and filling machine operators	736	387	148	158	38.4%	40.9%
755	Extruding and forming machine operators	55	29	12	12	40.7%	40.7%
756	Mixing and blending machine operators	201	114	41	46	36.2%	40.0%
757	Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators	129	64	36	39	56.2%	60.5%
758	Compressing and compacting machine operators	42	25	11	11	43.0%	44.1%
759	Painting and paint spraying machine operators	329	186	59	61	31.7%	32.9%
763	Roasting and baking machine operators, food	9	5	4	4	72.5%	87.5%
764	Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators	22	10	3	3	33.8%	33.8%
765	Folding machine operators	41	23	9	10	39.0%	43.6%
766	Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, exc. food	212	105	65	69	62.1%	66.0%
768	Crushing and grinding machine operators	91	43	14	15	32.1%	34.9%
769	Slicing and cutting machine operators	346	189	74	78	39.4%	41.3%
773	Motion picture projectionists	19	11	5	5	47.9%	47.9%
774	Photographic process machine operators	161	83	5	6	6.4%	7.2%
777	Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c.	1,594	854	388	408	45.5%	47.8%
779	Machine operators, not specified	565	292	127	137	43.5%	47.0%
783	Welders and cutters	1,002	518	230	247	44.5%	47.8%
784	Solderers and brazers	71	37	9	10	23.9%	25.8%
785	Assemblers	1,660	907	386	404	42.5%	44.5%
786	Hand cutting and trimming occupations	44	19	5	7	27.4%	34.6%
787	Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations	37	19	8	8	43.0%	43.5%
789	Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations	57	27	8	8	28.9%	30.3%
793	Hand engraving and printing occupations	28	14	3	3	18.6%	18.6%
794	Hand grinding and polishing occupations	9	5	1	1	10.8%	10.8%
795	Miscellaneous hand working occupations	119	60	11	11	18.2%	18.2%
796	Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners	1,194	641	238	259	37.1%	40.4%
797	Production testers	103	55	17	20	30.8%	35.7%
798	Production samplers and weighers	20	9	3	3	28.6%	31.6%
799	Graders and sorters, exc. agricultural	212	107	38	40	35.9%	37.2%
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	7,708	3,822	1,470	1,577	38.5%	41.3%
803	Supervisors, motor vehicle operators	60	32	8	8	25.1%	25.1%
804	Truck drivers, heavy	3,085	1,532	546	584	35.6%	38.1%
805	Truck drivers, light	776	397	81	88	20.4%	22.3%
806	Driver-sales workers	352	178	69	71	38.8%	39.8%
808	Bus drivers	718	359	145	168	40.4%	46.8%
809	Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs	216	109	16	18	14.3%	16.7%
813	Parking lot attendants	81	43	12	13	28.6%	29.7%
814	Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c.	6	2	0	0	17.1%	17.1%
823	Railroad conductors and yardmasters	67	31	30	30	95.8%	95.8%
824	Locomotive operating occupations	140	61	55	57	89.9%	93.7%
825	Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators	115	51	48	49	94.8%	97.2%
826	Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c.	17	8	8	8	90.9%	90.9%
828	Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats	61	30	9	11	31.4%	35.7%
829	Sailors and deckhands	33	17	8	11	45.8%	61.2%
833	Marine engineers	1	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
834	Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders	11	4	2	2	38.2%	38.2%
843	Supervisors, material moving equipment operators	23	11	2	2	14.4%	20.0%
844	Operating engineers	297	141	66	72	46.4%	50.8%
845	Longshore equipment operators	4	3	3	3	100.0%	100.0%
848	Hoist and winch operators	75	27	3	4	11.4%	14.5%
849	Crane and tower operators	177	93	69	71	74.5%	76.2%
853	Excavating and loading machine operators	181	76	26	28	34.7%	36.7%
855	Grader, dozer, and scraper operators	224	101	26	29	25.6%	29.1%
856	Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators	680	368	175	182	47.6%	49.5%
859	Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators	308	146	63	69	43.4%	47.1%
	HANDLERS, EQUIPMENT CLEANERS, HELPERS, AND LABORERS	7,844	4,058	1,198	1,288	29.5%	31.8%
863	Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, & laborers, n.e.c.	11	7	1	1	13.8%	13.8%
864	Helpers, mechanics and repairers	61	31	11	11	34.1%	34.6%
865	Helpers, construction trades	268	149	23	26	15.4%	17.5%
866	Helpers, surveyor	20	10	1	1	10.8%	10.8%
867	Helpers, extractive occupations	5	3	1	1	46.3%	46.3%
869	Construction laborers	1,170	591	182	197	30.8%	33.4%
873	Production helpers	138	74	32	35	43.0%	47.5%
875	Garbage collectors	113	63	22	23	34.6%	37.0%
876	Stevedores	50	27	24	24	88.3%	88.7%
877	Stock handlers and baggers	1,559	810	214	233	26.4%	28.8%
878	Machine feeders and offbearers	160	83	36	38	43.0%	45.4%
883	Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c.	926	488	191	202	39.1%	41.3%
885	Garage and service station related occupations	559	273	14	17	5.2%	6.1%
887	Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners	336	171	35	38	20.4%	22.0%
888	Hand packers and packagers	528	278	78	82	28.1%	29.5%
889	Laborers, except construction	1,940	1,001	334	360	33.4%	36.0%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.