Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation: 1988
COC	Occupation	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS	19,288	11,337	734	977	6.5%	8.6%
3	Legislators	28	15	0	1	2.7%	3.7%
4	Chief executives and general administrators, public admin.	25	15	1	1	4.6%	4.6%
5	Administrators and officials, public administration	881	467	97	124	20.8%	26.5%
6	Administrators, protective services	104	53	12	14	22.7%	26.6%
7	Financial managers	825	483	12	17	2.5%	3.5%
8	Personnel and labor relations managers	200	115	4	6	3.4%	5.2%
9	Purchasing managers	167	104	2	3	2.4%	2.8%
13	Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations	764	463	5	10	1.2%	2.1%
14	Administrators, education and related fields	934	540	111	146	20.6%	27.0%
15	Managers, medicine and health	279	153	8	11	5.3%	7.5%
16	Managers, properties and real estate	443	280	13	16	4.8%	5.8%
17	Postmasters and mail superintendents	81	39	21	22	54.5%	55.5%
18	Funeral directors	32	18	1	1	5.8%	5.8%
19	Managers and administrators, n.e.c.	8,846	5,203	196	262	3.8%	5.0%
23	Accountants and auditors	1,947	1,174	75	103	6.4%	8.8%
24	Underwriters	144	87	0	2	0.4%	2.6%
25	Other financial officers	1,001	597	22	29	3.7%	4.9%
26	Management analysts	168	99	4	11	3.9%	11.5%
27	Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists	662	390	32	48	8.1%	12.2%
28	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	15	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
29	Buyers, wholesale and retail trade except farm products	308	193	13	14	6.9%	7.4%
33	Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.	401	240	10	18	4.3%	7.5%
34	Business and promotion agents	20	14	2	2	13.9%	13.9%
35	Construction inspectors	101	61	16	20	26.1%	32.7%
36	Inspectors and compliance officers, exc. construction	340	198	50	67	25.1%	33.6%
37	Management related occupations, n.e.c.	572	330	25	28	7.7%	8.6%
	PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS	14,975	8,734	983	1,226	11.3%	14.0%
43	Architects	168	103	5	6	5.2%	5.8%
44	Aerospace engineers	132	111	7	11	6.6%	10.4%
45	Metallurgical and materials engineers	39	21	6	6	26.2%	26.2%
46	Mining engineers	13	4	0	0	6.3%	6.3%
47	Petroleum engineers	35	25	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
48	Chemical engineers	113	58	3	6	5.7%	10.5%
49	Nuclear engineers	23	13	0	0	2.0%	2.0%
53	Civil engineers	353	194	22	31	11.1%	15.8%
54	Agricultural engineers	4	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
55	Electrical and electronic engineers	912	566	35	54	6.3%	9.5%
56	Industrial engineers	357	226	19	22	8.3%	9.9%
57	Mechanical engineers	479	289	23	26	7.9%	9.1%
58	Marine and naval architects engineers	23	13	4	4	30.4%	30.4%
59	Engineers, n.e.c.	369	225	12	14	5.3%	6.0%
63	Surveyors and mapping scientists	39	17	2	2	11.9%	11.9%
64	Computer systems analysts and scientists	721	432	12	20	2.7%	4.7%
65	Operations and systems researchers and analysts	345	213	16	22	7.4%	10.4%
66	Actuaries	20	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
67	Statisticians	54	32	2	4	4.7%	13.6%
68	Mathematical scientists, n.e.c.	9	7	1	2	17.9%	27.8%
69	Physicists and astronomers	55	28	2	2	7.1%	8.6%
73	Chemists, except biochemists	220	126	5	9	4.0%	7.1%
74	Atmospheric and space scientists	16	9	2	3	22.9%	33.4%
75	Geologists and geodesists	73	41	0	2	0.9%	3.8%
76	Physical scientists, n.e.c.	24	12	1	1	10.4%	10.4%
77	Agricultural and food scientists	48	18	2	2	9.9%	9.9%
78	Biological and life scientists	126	69	4	7	5.9%	10.1%
79	Forestry and conservation scientists	61	28	3	4	9.2%	13.9%
83	Medical scientists	60	38	4	4	11.3%	11.3%
84	Physicians	434	273	12	20	4.6%	7.3%
85	Dentists	41	27	1	1	3.6%	4.1%
86	Veterinarians	35	19	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
87	Optometrists	11	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
88	Podiatrists	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
89	Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.	9	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
95	Registered nurses	2,716	1,520	253	301	16.7%	19.8%
96	Pharmacists	242	138	12	14	8.7%	10.5%
97	Dietitians	131	72	8	10	11.1%	13.3%
98	Inhalation therapists	103	64	8	10	12.9%	15.1%
99	Occupational therapists	43	25	6	6	23.5%	25.7%
103	Physical therapists	118	73	2	3	3.1%	3.8%
104	Speech therapists	109	58	23	30	40.0%	51.9%
105	Therapists, n.e.c.	93	58	9	9	15.7%	15.7%
106	Physicians' assistants	90	53	16	16	30.9%	30.9%
	TEACHERS, POSTSECONDARY	1,258	680	139	177	20.4%	26.0%
113	Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers	14	7	0	1	0.0%	9.1%
114	Biological science teachers	47	23	4	7	17.0%	32.9%
115	Chemistry teachers	29	15	2	6	15.3%	35.8%
116	Physics teachers	20	9	1	2	10.3%	17.8%
117	Natural science teachers, n.e.c.	4	3	2	2	54.3%	54.3%
118	Psychology teachers	39	22	4	5	20.1%	25.1%
119	Economics teachers	35	19	1	2	5.7%	10.6%
123	History teachers	27	17	5	7	29.7%	38.2%
124	Political science teachers	19	13	4	5	31.1%	35.4%
125	Sociology teachers	17	10	3	3	30.3%	30.3%
126	Social science teachers, n.e.c.	8	3	1	1	47.3%	47.3%
127	Engineering teachers	55	29	4	6	14.8%	20.6%
128	Mathematical science teachers	84	45	14	17	30.6%	37.0%
129	Computer science teachers	34	21	2	4	10.9%	20.7%
133	Medical science teachers	12	6	1	1	19.2%	19.2%
134	Health specialties teachers	68	37	7	9	18.4%	23.4%
135	Business, commerce, and marketing teachers	56	29	5	6	15.8%	20.8%
136	Agriculture and forestry teachers	9	4	0	0	7.7%	7.7%
137	Art, drama, and music teachers	92	52	14	18	26.5%	35.1%
138	Physical education teachers	27	14	4	5	28.4%	33.5%
139	Education teachers	24	12	2	3	17.6%	29.3%
143	English teachers	99	53	16	18	30.7%	34.3%
144	Foreign language teachers	35	22	5	6	21.8%	27.2%
145	Law teachers	12	6	2	2	38.1%	38.1%
146	Social work teachers	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
147	Theology teachers	17	10	1	1	5.6%	14.4%
148	Trade and industrial teachers	9	5	2	3	54.2%	56.8%
149	Home economics teachers	4	1	1	1	58.9%	58.9%
153	Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c.	9	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
154	Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified	352	190	31	36	16.3%	19.0%
	TEACHERS, EXCEPT POSTSECONDARY	6,544	3,617	1,788	2,090	49.4%	57.8%
155	Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten	643	373	90	111	24.1%	29.6%
156	Teachers, elementary school	2,611	1,429	807	945	56.4%	66.1%
157	Teachers, secondary school	2,181	1,181	712	819	60.3%	69.3%
158	Teachers, special education	435	246	138	164	56.3%	66.6%
159	Teachers, n.e.c.	674	389	42	53	10.7%	13.5%
163	Counselors, educational and vocational	366	206	91	107	44.3%	52.1%
164	Librarians	352	190	47	59	24.9%	30.8%
165	Archivists and curators	38	21	2	2	8.7%	8.7%
166	Economists	172	97	8	10	8.1%	10.5%
167	Psychologists	255	147	22	28	15.2%	19.0%
168	Sociologists	1	0	0	0	100.0%	100.0%
169	Social scientists, n.e.c.	22	9	2	2	19.4%	28.5%
173	Urban planners	30	16	2	4	11.3%	25.2%
174	Social workers	900	533	112	136	21.1%	25.6%
175	Recreation workers	158	93	4	5	3.9%	5.9%
176	Clergy	536	307	8	10	2.5%	3.4%
177	Religious workers, n.e.c.	115	62	1	2	1.7%	2.9%
178	Lawyers	674	391	18	21	4.6%	5.4%
179	Judges	61	33	3	3	9.4%	9.4%
183	Authors	21	14	2	2	17.8%	17.8%
184	Technical writers	105	59	4	5	6.4%	8.3%
185	Designers	623	366	16	20	4.5%	5.5%
186	Musicians and composers	117	71	11	12	15.0%	16.7%
187	Actors and directors	118	76	15	20	19.8%	26.3%
188	Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist print-makers	161	102	9	13	8.4%	12.8%
189	Photographers	123	75	12	13	15.6%	17.5%
193	Dancers	23	13	1	1	4.3%	4.3%
194	Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.	65	37	7	9	18.7%	23.7%
195	Editors and reporters	424	239	22	26	9.2%	11.1%
197	Public relations specialists	265	148	10	12	6.5%	8.4%
198	Announcers	82	42	2	4	5.1%	8.8%
199	Athletes	100	62	9	12	14.3%	19.2%
	TECHNICIANS AND RELATED SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	5,908	3,462	391	469	11.3%	13.5%
203	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	471	271	32	37	11.9%	13.5%
204	Dental hygienists	149	80	2	2	2.8%	2.9%
205	Health record technologists and technicians	100	57	2	2	3.4%	3.6%
206	Radiologic technicians	230	136	11	13	8.4%	9.3%
207	Licensed practical nurses	702	402	58	65	14.4%	16.1%
208	Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.	424	258	32	36	12.2%	13.8%
213	Electrical and electronic technicians	539	319	50	60	15.7%	18.8%
214	Industrial engineering technicians	12	6	1	1	21.8%	21.8%
215	Mechanical engineering technicians	22	11	2	2	20.7%	20.7%
216	Engineering technicians, n.e.c.	368	220	20	27	8.9%	12.5%
217	Drafting occupations	472	281	25	33	8.9%	11.6%
218	Surveying and mapping technicians	133	76	10	12	13.2%	16.4%
223	Biological technicians	100	58	4	4	7.2%	7.2%
224	Chemical technicians	161	83	13	15	16.1%	18.1%
225	Science technicians, n.e.c.	145	81	7	9	8.9%	10.6%
226	Airplane pilots and navigators	154	84	42	44	50.5%	52.5%
227	Air traffic controllers	57	34	16	18	46.4%	52.1%
228	Broadcast equipment operators	26	12	2	2	13.3%	13.3%
229	Computer programmers	872	566	24	38	4.2%	6.8%
233	Tool programmers, numerical control	6	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
234	Legal assistants	340	197	11	17	5.6%	8.4%
235	Technicians, n.e.c.	425	227	26	33	11.6%	14.4%
	SALES OCCUPATIONS	18,770	11,019	587	689	5.3%	6.2%
243	Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations	4,041	2,368	130	156	5.5%	6.6%
253	Insurance sales occupations	626	363	13	19	3.5%	5.3%
254	Real estate sales occupations	754	441	10	15	2.3%	3.3%
255	Securities and financial services sales occupations	416	258	4	6	1.6%	2.5%
256	Advertising and related sales occupations	254	141	3	6	2.3%	4.0%
257	Sales occupations, other business services	792	508	25	31	4.9%	6.0%
258	Sales engineers	30	16	0	1	0.0%	6.5%
259	Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale	2,248	1,351	18	29	1.4%	2.1%
263	Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats	431	249	2	5	0.9%	2.0%
264	Sales workers, apparel	762	440	5	5	1.1%	1.1%
265	Sales workers, shoes	182	108	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
266	Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings	252	150	2	3	1.4%	2.1%
267	Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances	272	154	0	1	0.0%	0.7%
268	Sales workers, hardware and building supplies	339	187	2	4	1.3%	2.1%
269	Sales workers, parts	256	147	6	8	4.4%	5.7%
274	Sales workers, other commodities	2,440	1,423	50	61	3.5%	4.3%
275	Sales counter clerks	295	172	4	5	2.3%	2.9%
276	Cashiers	3,910	2,266	306	326	13.5%	14.4%
277	Street and door-to-door sales workers	264	158	3	3	1.9%	2.2%
278	News vendors	124	72	2	2	2.8%	2.8%
283	Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales	56	32	1	2	3.6%	6.4%
284	Auctioneers	3	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
285	Sales support occupations, n.e.c.	23	13	0	0	2.5%	2.5%
	ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING CLERICAL	30,434	17,790	2,333	2,818	13.1%	15.8%
303	Supervisors, general office	735	459	63	82	13.7%	17.8%
304	Supervisors, computer equipment operators	82	52	7	9	13.6%	17.6%
305	Supervisors, financial records processing	146	95	2	4	2.6%	3.7%
306	Chief communications operators	7	4	1	1	21.7%	21.7%
307	Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks	263	162	34	41	21.3%	25.2%
308	Computer operators	1,414	866	91	120	10.5%	13.9%
309	Peripheral equipment operators	9	6	2	2	36.0%	36.0%
313	Secretaries	6,861	3,860	263	358	6.8%	9.3%
314	Stenographers	70	35	8	10	23.6%	28.4%
315	Typists	1,308	800	88	118	11.0%	14.7%
316	Interviewers	267	156	5	8	3.1%	5.4%
317	Hotel clerks	209	105	5	6	4.9%	5.6%
318	Transportation ticket and reservation agents	215	126	29	33	22.9%	26.0%
319	Receptionists	1,407	858	36	39	4.2%	4.6%
323	Information clerks, n.e.c.	400	229	18	26	7.8%	11.2%
325	Classified-ad clerks	7	4	0	1	10.8%	17.9%
326	Correspondence clerks	30	14	0	1	1.1%	5.9%
327	Order clerks	325	184	50	58	27.3%	31.6%
328	Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping	103	57	7	9	11.5%	16.3%
329	Library clerks	250	145	26	35	17.8%	24.0%
335	File clerks	458	281	22	29	7.9%	10.3%
336	Records clerks	236	135	16	21	12.0%	15.5%
337	Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks	3,069	1,726	65	87	3.8%	5.0%
338	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	308	175	29	33	16.7%	18.7%
339	Billing clerks	247	145	13	14	8.7%	9.3%
343	Cost and rate clerks	121	67	5	6	7.5%	8.4%
344	Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators	71	39	3	4	9.0%	9.3%
345	Duplicating machine operators	35	20	2	3	10.6%	13.9%
346	Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators	20	14	3	4	22.6%	27.9%
347	Office machine operators, n.e.c.	58	36	2	2	5.8%	5.8%
348	Telephone operators	363	205	78	86	38.1%	41.7%
349	Telegraphers	5	2	1	1	42.8%	42.8%
353	Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.	5	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
354	Postal clerks, exc. mail carriers	528	311	224	253	71.8%	81.2%
355	Mail carriers, postal service	540	316	265	281	83.8%	89.0%
356	Mail clerks, exc. postal service	274	160	19	22	11.7%	13.8%
357	Messengers	203	127	4	7	3.2%	5.5%
359	Dispatchers	298	157	39	42	24.8%	26.7%
363	Production coordinators	312	190	30	33	15.7%	17.6%
364	Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks	857	528	119	129	22.5%	24.5%
365	Stock and inventory clerks	915	555	107	125	19.3%	22.5%
366	Meter readers	89	51	20	24	40.2%	46.3%
368	Weighers, measurers, and checkers	141	75	21	22	28.4%	29.1%
369	Samplers	3	2	1	1	52.6%	52.6%
373	Expediters	163	99	13	15	13.3%	14.6%
374	Material recording, scheduling, & distributing clerks, n.e.c.	34	19	4	5	23.5%	27.2%
375	Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators	468	277	11	13	3.8%	4.6%
376	Investigators and adjusters, except insurance	801	478	41	46	8.6%	9.7%
377	Eligibility clerks, social welfare	116	72	15	19	20.8%	27.1%
378	Bill and account collectors	205	125	9	9	7.0%	7.6%
379	General office clerks	1,338	809	93	113	11.5%	14.0%
383	Bank tellers	855	491	12	19	2.4%	3.9%
384	Proofreaders	50	29	1	1	3.0%	3.0%
385	Data-entry keyers	597	359	28	41	7.8%	11.3%
386	Statistical clerks	133	83	14	19	17.3%	22.6%
387	Teachers aides	731	422	113	152	26.9%	36.1%
389	Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.	1,679	993	153	180	15.4%	18.2%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD	1,492	900	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
403	Launderers and ironers	3	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
404	Cooks, private household	27	15	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
405	Housekeepers and butlers	52	34	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
406	Child care workers, private household	666	367	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
407	Private household cleaners and servants	744	482	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PROTECTIVE SERVICE	3,206	1,969	765	839	38.9%	42.6%
413	Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations	65	38	23	25	62.0%	67.2%
414	Supervisors, police and detectives	165	101	55	62	54.8%	61.0%
415	Supervisors, guards	72	45	7	9	16.6%	19.7%
416	Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations	39	20	3	5	16.7%	23.7%
417	Firefighting occupations	342	200	142	149	71.0%	74.5%
418	Police and detectives, public service	680	429	262	288	61.0%	67.1%
423	Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers	195	115	47	55	41.2%	47.7%
424	Correctional institution officers	351	217	122	126	56.3%	58.2%
425	Crossing guards	75	44	6	7	12.8%	14.8%
426	Guards and police, exc. public service	1,094	689	92	108	13.3%	15.6%
427	Protective service occupations, n.e.c.	128	71	5	6	7.0%	8.1%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, EXCEPT PROTECTIVE AND HOUSEHOLD	19,790	11,309	1,224	1,387	10.8%	12.3%
433	Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations	580	322	21	24	6.6%	7.6%
434	Bartenders	530	288	15	16	5.1%	5.4%
435	Waiters and waitresses	2,384	1,367	38	43	2.8%	3.1%
436	Cooks, except short order	2,688	1,547	97	115	6.2%	7.4%
437	Short-order cooks	165	95	3	4	3.4%	4.0%
438	Food counter, fountain and related occupations	562	313	3	4	1.1%	1.4%
439	Kitchen workers, food preparation	225	126	9	9	6.7%	6.7%
443	Waiters'/waitresses' assistants	594	346	26	29	7.5%	8.3%
444	Miscellaneous food preparation occupations	1,174	674	70	86	10.4%	12.7%
445	Dental assistants	308	168	1	2	0.4%	0.9%
446	Health aides, except nursing	677	414	53	61	12.9%	14.7%
447	Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants	2,430	1,392	206	230	14.8%	16.5%
448	Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers	274	159	28	32	17.5%	20.5%
449	Maids and housemen	1,045	584	81	92	13.9%	15.7%
453	Janitors and cleaners	3,528	2,042	421	471	20.6%	23.0%
454	Elevator operators	21	13	9	9	67.9%	67.9%
455	Pest control occupations	58	42	2	2	5.6%	5.6%
456	Supervisors, personal service occupations	59	30	2	4	6.9%	14.6%
457	Barbers	47	31	5	5	14.9%	14.9%
458	Hairdressers and cosmetologists	704	417	4	6	0.9%	1.5%
459	Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities	301	129	4	4	3.1%	3.2%
463	Guides	59	27	2	3	8.5%	9.3%
464	Ushers	37	27	1	1	4.1%	4.1%
465	Public transportation attendants	129	80	61	64	76.4%	79.2%
466	Baggage porters and bellhops	55	41	15	17	36.6%	41.2%
467	Welfare service aides	164	91	8	9	8.3%	9.5%
468	Child care workers, except private household	739	406	24	31	6.0%	7.6%
469	Personal service occupations, n.e.c.	253	139	14	16	10.3%	11.6%
	FARMING, FORESTRY, AND FISHING OCCUPATIONS	3,150	1,813	77	91	4.2%	5.0%
473	Farmers, except horticultural	11	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
474	Horticultural specialty farmers	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
475	Managers, farms, except horticultural	108	59	0	1	0.0%	0.9%
476	Managers, horticultural specialty farms	10	5	1	1	19.8%	19.8%
477	Supervisors, farm workers	46	27	5	6	17.6%	21.7%
479	Farm workers	1,414	780	7	7	0.8%	0.9%
483	Marine life cultivation workers	5	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
484	Nursery workers	55	33	0	0	1.5%	1.5%
485	Supervisors, related agricultural occupations	125	82	10	11	12.4%	12.8%
486	Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm	994	615	41	48	6.7%	7.8%
487	Animal caretakers, except farm	150	84	4	5	5.0%	6.4%
488	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	18	14	2	2	17.1%	17.1%
489	Inspectors, agricultural products	5	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
494	Supervisors, forestry and logging workers	15	8	1	1	11.2%	11.2%
495	Forestry workers, except logging	53	27	3	4	9.6%	14.8%
496	Timber cutting and logging occupations	101	50	3	4	5.6%	7.7%
497	Captains and other officers, fishing vessels	4	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
498	Fishers	32	16	0	1	2.1%	4.9%
499	Hunters and trappers	3	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS	13,225	7,812	2,002	2,156	25.6%	27.6%
503	Supervisors, mechanics and repairers	448	255	29	35	11.4%	13.7%
505	Automobile mechanics	1,132	690	75	86	10.8%	12.4%
506	Automobile mechanic apprentices	4	3	2	2	56.1%	56.1%
507	Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics	547	306	96	102	31.3%	33.3%
508	Aircraft engine mechanics	195	132	73	81	55.6%	61.6%
509	Small engine repairers	93	51	4	4	6.9%	7.0%
514	Automobile body and related repairers	250	138	10	11	7.5%	7.7%
515	Aircraft mechanics, exc. engine	29	19	6	7	34.4%	37.7%
516	Heavy equipment mechanics	295	151	61	69	40.6%	45.7%
517	Farm equipment mechanics	52	24	0	0	1.4%	1.4%
518	Industry machinery repairers	941	542	185	196	34.2%	36.3%
519	Machinery maintenance occupations	52	31	12	12	39.9%	40.6%
523	Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment	228	141	33	38	23.5%	26.8%
525	Data processing equipment repairers	220	141	3	4	1.9%	3.1%
526	Household appliance and power tool repairers	55	31	5	6	16.1%	19.8%
527	Telephone line installers and repairers	104	61	39	39	63.7%	64.7%
529	Telephone Installers and repairers	342	198	144	147	73.0%	74.5%
533	Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers	103	58	26	27	45.3%	46.5%
534	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics	370	220	49	51	22.5%	23.4%
535	Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers	32	17	4	4	25.2%	25.8%
536	Locksmiths and safe repairers	30	18	1	1	4.2%	4.2%
538	Office machine repairers	120	63	2	3	3.5%	4.9%
539	Mechanical controls and valve repairers	32	18	9	10	51.6%	53.5%
543	Elevator installers and repairers	34	19	16	16	85.8%	85.8%
544	Millwrights	167	99	67	68	68.4%	69.5%
547	Specified mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.	658	401	101	112	25.1%	27.8%
549	Not specified mechanics and repairers	306	174	44	46	25.2%	26.6%
	CONSTRUCTION TRADES	6,523	3,954	1,163	1,218	29.4%	30.8%
553	Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters	8	6	1	1	21.8%	21.8%
554	Supervisors; carpenters and related workers	40	25	13	13	52.7%	52.7%
555	Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers	45	29	13	15	44.3%	52.9%
556	Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers	13	6	1	1	13.5%	13.5%
557	Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	12	11	3	3	22.4%	22.4%
558	Supervisors; n.e.c.	638	366	93	98	25.4%	26.9%
563	Brickmasons and stonemasons	249	153	56	57	36.3%	37.1%
564	Brickmason and stonemason apprentices	11	6	2	2	35.6%	35.6%
565	Tile setters, hard and soft	51	36	12	12	34.8%	34.8%
566	Carpet installers	93	64	12	12	19.4%	19.4%
567	Carpenters	1,677	1,016	211	220	20.8%	21.6%
569	Carpenter apprentices	13	9	4	4	41.6%	41.6%
573	Drywall installers	185	113	18	19	16.2%	16.5%
575	Electricians	1,013	587	254	263	43.3%	44.9%
576	Electrician apprentices	58	37	8	9	21.1%	24.0%
577	Electrical power installers and repairers	197	107	62	64	58.0%	60.2%
579	Painters, construction and maintenance	551	349	52	54	14.8%	15.4%
583	Paperhangers	19	11	4	4	34.9%	34.9%
584	Plasterers	42	27	8	9	29.0%	32.3%
585	Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	651	407	179	189	43.9%	46.3%
587	Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices	29	16	4	7	28.1%	43.0%
588	Concrete and terrazzo finishers	120	85	16	17	19.1%	19.8%
589	Glaziers	51	29	7	7	22.8%	22.8%
593	Insulation workers	79	52	14	15	27.6%	28.7%
594	Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	27	17	3	3	16.6%	16.6%
595	Roofers	175	108	14	15	13.2%	13.4%
596	Sheetmetal duct installers	58	35	13	14	38.8%	40.3%
597	Structural metal workers	85	48	28	29	59.2%	61.1%
598	Drillers, earth	21	12	5	6	40.3%	49.4%
599	Construction trades, n.e.c.	312	191	52	58	27.3%	30.3%
613	Supervisors, extractive occupations	84	43	4	4	8.2%	8.5%
614	Drillers, oil well	55	26	1	1	3.8%	3.8%
615	Explosives workers	15	8	2	2	21.8%	21.8%
616	Mining machine operators	78	36	17	17	46.2%	48.4%
617	Mining occupations, n.e.c.	53	23	8	8	35.5%	35.5%
633	Supervisors, production occupations	2,228	1,336	169	198	12.6%	14.8%
634	Tool and die makers	250	141	60	63	42.7%	44.6%
635	Tool and die maker apprentices	10	6	1	1	24.6%	24.6%
636	Precision assemblers, metal	13	7	3	3	46.6%	46.6%
637	Machinists	750	458	158	166	34.5%	36.3%
639	Machinist apprentices	8	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
643	Boilermakers	39	23	11	11	48.6%	48.6%
644	Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners	29	16	6	6	37.4%	37.4%
645	Patternmakers and model makers, metal	10	6	3	3	45.8%	56.2%
646	Lay-out workers	18	10	4	5	40.3%	48.9%
647	Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers)	57	33	1	1	4.1%	4.1%
649	Engravers, metal	18	11	3	3	28.4%	28.4%
653	Sheet metal workers	198	113	47	48	41.6%	42.3%
654	Sheet metal worker apprentices	3	1	1	1	47.3%	47.3%
655	Miscellaneous precision metal workers	2	1	0	1	0.0%	59.3%
656	Patternmakers and model makers, wood	8	6	2	2	31.4%	42.9%
657	Cabinet makers and bench carpenters	71	49	12	12	23.9%	23.9%
658	Furniture and wood finishers	41	21	2	2	8.1%	11.1%
659	Miscellaneous precision woodworkers	1	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
666	Dressmakers	104	58	6	6	9.7%	9.7%
667	Tailors	67	45	6	6	14.4%	14.4%
668	Upholsterers	79	54	4	4	7.4%	8.2%
669	Shoe repairers	18	8	2	2	20.7%	25.3%
673	Apparel and fabric patternmakers	4	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
674	Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers	8	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
675	Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers	25	15	6	6	42.4%	44.5%
676	Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters	33	20	7	7	35.3%	35.3%
677	Optical goods workers	86	52	2	3	3.3%	6.2%
678	Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians	57	34	1	2	4.0%	6.6%
679	Bookbinders	67	42	7	10	17.8%	23.0%
683	Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers	460	311	81	87	26.2%	28.1%
684	Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c.	53	34	8	8	23.7%	24.8%
686	Butchers and meat cutters	431	242	75	78	30.8%	32.4%
687	Bakers	188	109	21	22	19.1%	20.5%
688	Food batchmakers	56	30	9	9	29.1%	30.4%
689	Inspectors, testers, and graders	170	113	38	41	33.7%	36.2%
693	Adjusters and calibrators	20	12	5	5	37.4%	37.4%
694	Water and sewage treatment plant operators	88	50	19	19	37.6%	38.8%
695	Power plant operators	76	44	32	33	72.3%	74.5%
696	Stationary engineers	166	103	40	43	38.7%	42.2%
699	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	91	52	22	25	41.3%	47.2%
	MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, AND INSPECTORS	13,064	7,879	2,327	2,453	29.5%	31.1%
703	Lathe and turning machine set-up operators	37	19	9	9	45.2%	49.7%
704	Lathe and turning machine operators	105	63	24	24	37.6%	37.6%
705	Milling and planing machine operators	25	13	7	7	49.8%	49.8%
706	Punching and stamping press machine operators	191	125	61	61	48.6%	48.9%
707	Rolling machine operators	24	16	11	11	68.0%	68.0%
708	Drilling and boring machine operators	49	32	14	14	42.7%	42.7%
709	Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators	226	136	51	52	37.3%	38.2%
713	Forging machine operators	24	13	9	9	70.6%	70.6%
714	Numerical control machine operators	3	2	2	2	75.7%	75.7%
715	Misc. metal, plastic, stone, & glass working machine operators	58	33	14	14	40.9%	40.9%
717	Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c.	40	23	5	6	21.9%	26.1%
719	Molding and casting machine operators	169	106	33	34	31.0%	32.6%
723	Metal plating machine operators	58	38	12	12	31.9%	31.9%
724	Heat treating equipment operators	27	20	11	11	56.1%	56.1%
725	Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators	23	12	3	3	27.5%	27.5%
726	Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators	22	10	1	1	8.3%	8.3%
727	Sawing machine operators	168	96	21	21	21.5%	21.9%
728	Shaping and joining machine operators	10	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
729	Nail and tacking machine operators	5	4	1	2	23.2%	48.2%
733	Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators	59	27	4	4	15.1%	15.1%
734	Printing machine operators	514	313	71	74	22.7%	23.6%
735	Photoengravers and lithographers	88	60	18	20	29.3%	32.5%
736	Typesetters and compositors	106	62	4	5	6.6%	7.7%
737	Miscellaneous printing machine operators	68	43	3	4	8.0%	10.3%
738	Winding and twisting machine operators	143	74	6	8	7.7%	11.4%
739	Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators	93	42	5	6	12.0%	13.8%
743	Textile cutting machine operators	11	5	1	1	27.3%	27.3%
744	Textile sewing machine operators	1,138	719	139	151	19.3%	21.0%
745	Shoe machine operators	72	35	7	8	19.5%	22.9%
747	Pressing machine operators	212	142	28	30	19.3%	21.0%
748	Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators	349	199	29	32	14.4%	15.9%
749	Miscellaneous textile machine operators	133	73	11	13	14.9%	17.5%
753	Cementing and gluing machine operators	55	33	12	12	34.8%	36.0%
754	Packaging and filling machine operators	696	415	113	117	27.2%	28.1%
755	Extruding and forming machine operators	53	32	12	13	38.2%	40.4%
756	Mixing and blending machine operators	164	99	37	38	37.5%	38.6%
757	Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators	99	54	33	34	60.8%	63.0%
758	Compressing and compacting machine operators	39	23	10	10	43.0%	45.3%
759	Painting and paint spraying machine operators	301	197	53	54	27.1%	27.6%
763	Roasting and baking machine operators, food	14	5	1	1	27.3%	27.3%
764	Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators	22	11	2	2	15.5%	20.8%
765	Folding machine operators	32	16	5	5	30.7%	30.7%
766	Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, exc. food	188	101	53	56	52.8%	55.8%
768	Crushing and grinding machine operators	89	45	11	13	23.5%	28.9%
769	Slicing and cutting machine operators	337	201	68	69	33.5%	34.4%
773	Motion picture projectionists	12	7	3	3	35.9%	35.9%
774	Photographic process machine operators	163	107	13	13	11.7%	12.0%
777	Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c.	1,611	992	362	377	36.5%	38.0%
779	Machine operators, not specified	537	312	113	122	36.2%	39.0%
783	Welders and cutters	880	532	199	207	37.4%	38.9%
784	Solderers and brazers	81	54	11	14	21.2%	25.8%
785	Assemblers	1,805	1,103	342	360	31.1%	32.6%
786	Hand cutting and trimming occupations	30	18	2	2	13.1%	13.1%
787	Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations	32	21	5	5	25.5%	25.5%
789	Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations	59	33	4	6	13.6%	17.6%
793	Hand engraving and printing occupations	24	11	1	1	11.9%	11.9%
794	Hand grinding and polishing occupations	8	5	1	1	31.7%	31.7%
795	Miscellaneous hand working occupations	58	30	3	4	9.3%	13.9%
796	Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners	1,132	692	216	231	31.2%	33.3%
797	Production testers	111	66	14	18	21.9%	27.7%
798	Production samplers and weighers	18	9	3	3	38.1%	38.1%
799	Graders and sorters, exc. agricultural	164	99	13	13	13.3%	13.5%
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	7,580	4,418	1,330	1,407	30.1%	31.8%
803	Supervisors, motor vehicle operators	92	55	9	12	16.6%	21.8%
804	Truck drivers, heavy	2,761	1,571	431	451	27.4%	28.7%
805	Truck drivers, light	1,193	745	119	125	16.0%	16.7%
806	Driver-sales workers	311	183	56	59	30.4%	32.5%
808	Bus drivers	765	449	171	195	38.0%	43.5%
809	Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs	254	153	19	19	12.1%	12.5%
813	Parking lot attendants	78	47	11	11	23.3%	24.1%
814	Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c.	10	9	3	5	28.5%	50.7%
823	Railroad conductors and yardmasters	78	40	35	35	87.8%	87.8%
824	Locomotive operating occupations	102	54	49	49	90.6%	90.6%
825	Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators	80	37	34	34	92.2%	92.5%
826	Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c.	10	7	7	7	100.0%	100.0%
828	Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats	50	31	8	8	25.9%	25.9%
829	Sailors and deckhands	31	19	7	7	36.9%	36.9%
833	Marine engineers	2	2	2	2	100.0%	100.0%
834	Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders	7	3	0	0	3.6%	3.6%
843	Supervisors, material moving equipment operators	29	17	4	4	25.5%	25.5%
844	Operating engineers	362	199	75	79	37.8%	39.7%
845	Longshore equipment operators	1	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
848	Hoist and winch operators	33	21	1	1	6.6%	6.6%
849	Crane and tower operators	141	84	56	57	67.2%	67.7%
853	Excavating and loading machine operators	178	93	20	21	21.0%	22.4%
855	Grader, dozer, and scraper operators	167	84	22	25	26.2%	29.4%
856	Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators	710	439	166	174	37.7%	39.5%
859	Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators	135	75	26	26	34.5%	35.0%
	HANDLERS, EQUIPMENT CLEANERS, HELPERS, AND LABORERS	7,911	4,713	1,158	1,245	24.6%	26.4%
863	Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, & laborers, n.e.c.	18	10	2	3	21.7%	27.0%
864	Helpers, mechanics and repairers	55	34	5	5	14.5%	16.0%
865	Helpers, construction trades	210	135	16	17	12.2%	12.9%
866	Helpers, surveyor	22	12	1	1	6.8%	11.7%
867	Helpers, extractive occupations	8	5	2	2	44.5%	44.5%
869	Construction laborers	1,269	766	191	204	24.9%	26.6%
873	Production helpers	98	63	18	19	28.1%	30.1%
875	Garbage collectors	66	39	9	9	21.6%	23.5%
876	Stevedores	29	20	18	18	91.9%	91.9%
877	Stock handlers and baggers	1,528	905	190	208	21.0%	23.0%
878	Machine feeders and offbearers	189	111	45	46	40.3%	40.9%
883	Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c.	1,101	671	222	238	33.1%	35.5%
885	Garage and service station related occupations	404	231	8	9	3.5%	4.0%
887	Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners	383	236	37	42	15.6%	17.9%
888	Hand packers and packagers	530	294	81	86	27.5%	29.4%
889	Laborers, except construction	2,001	1,180	315	337	26.6%	28.5%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.