Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation: 1990
COC	Occupation	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS	21,086	11,787	711	965	6.0%	8.2%
3	Legislators	17	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4	Chief executives and general administrators, public admin.	32	16	3	3	18.2%	18.2%
5	Administrators and officials, public administration	966	501	72	108	14.4%	21.7%
6	Administrators, protective services	100	56	7	13	13.2%	22.4%
7	Financial managers	818	465	5	8	1.0%	1.7%
8	Personnel and labor relations managers	210	118	5	7	3.9%	5.6%
9	Purchasing managers	199	111	4	7	3.9%	6.2%
13	Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations	827	472	4	9	0.9%	1.9%
14	Administrators, education and related fields	975	516	106	129	20.6%	25.1%
15	Managers, medicine and health	318	170	10	14	5.7%	8.1%
16	Managers, properties and real estate	486	290	10	11	3.4%	3.7%
17	Postmasters and mail superintendents	71	30	18	20	61.8%	67.2%
18	Funeral directors	39	24	1	1	4.1%	4.1%
19	Managers and administrators, n.e.c.	9,906	5,527	207	282	3.8%	5.1%
23	Accountants and auditors	2,172	1,270	76	108	6.0%	8.5%
24	Underwriters	160	95	2	3	2.0%	2.9%
25	Other financial officers	1,160	656	26	37	4.0%	5.7%
26	Management analysts	178	104	3	8	3.3%	8.0%
27	Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists	687	381	34	48	9.0%	12.5%
28	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	13	5	1	1	14.2%	14.2%
29	Buyers, wholesale and retail trade except farm products	316	181	5	5	2.6%	3.0%
33	Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.	443	253	13	23	5.3%	9.0%
34	Business and promotion agents	34	16	1	1	4.4%	4.4%
35	Construction inspectors	121	72	19	24	27.0%	34.0%
36	Inspectors and compliance officers, exc. construction	363	191	61	76	31.8%	39.9%
37	Management related occupations, n.e.c.	475	260	16	20	6.3%	7.7%
	PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS	16,640	9,237	1,014	1,288	11.0%	13.9%
43	Architects	136	80	3	6	3.8%	7.3%
44	Aerospace engineers	148	105	7	12	6.7%	11.6%
45	Metallurgical and materials engineers	44	25	1	2	4.8%	7.2%
46	Mining engineers	14	6	1	1	14.3%	14.3%
47	Petroleum engineers	32	15	1	1	6.5%	6.5%
48	Chemical engineers	120	66	2	3	2.3%	3.9%
49	Nuclear engineers	19	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
53	Civil engineers	402	217	26	35	12.1%	16.2%
54	Agricultural engineers	5	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
55	Electrical and electronic engineers	966	581	35	48	6.0%	8.3%
56	Industrial engineers	353	203	18	22	8.7%	10.8%
57	Mechanical engineers	485	298	14	20	4.8%	6.6%
58	Marine and naval architects engineers	15	7	2	2	24.8%	24.8%
59	Engineers, n.e.c.	455	259	11	18	4.1%	7.1%
63	Surveyors and mapping scientists	40	22	0	0	1.3%	1.3%
64	Computer systems analysts and scientists	950	561	21	30	3.7%	5.4%
65	Operations and systems researchers and analysts	385	226	12	26	5.3%	11.7%
66	Actuaries	32	22	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
67	Statisticians	40	25	3	4	13.3%	15.5%
68	Mathematical scientists, n.e.c.	10	7	0	1	4.0%	18.3%
69	Physicists and astronomers	45	22	0	1	0.0%	6.5%
73	Chemists, except biochemists	218	123	6	8	4.6%	6.2%
74	Atmospheric and space scientists	12	7	0	1	6.9%	8.9%
75	Geologists and geodesists	93	46	2	2	4.4%	4.8%
76	Physical scientists, n.e.c.	36	20	2	2	10.0%	10.0%
77	Agricultural and food scientists	39	16	1	1	4.2%	7.1%
78	Biological and life scientists	150	82	5	7	6.2%	8.2%
79	Forestry and conservation scientists	63	22	2	3	9.4%	14.7%
83	Medical scientists	69	38	1	2	3.0%	5.6%
84	Physicians	498	283	23	34	8.2%	12.0%
85	Dentists	31	17	1	1	4.4%	7.3%
86	Veterinarians	47	31	1	1	3.7%	3.7%
87	Optometrists	11	4	0	0	11.3%	11.3%
88	Podiatrists	7	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
89	Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.	7	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
95	Registered nurses	3,093	1,650	274	346	16.6%	21.0%
96	Pharmacists	251	140	13	18	9.3%	12.8%
97	Dietitians	154	86	10	13	11.9%	15.2%
98	Inhalation therapists	105	62	6	7	10.0%	11.8%
99	Occupational therapists	66	35	8	10	22.8%	29.5%
103	Physical therapists	131	75	3	7	4.1%	9.9%
104	Speech therapists	100	52	21	26	40.8%	49.4%
105	Therapists, n.e.c.	111	66	7	9	11.2%	13.7%
106	Physicians' assistants	114	65	15	18	22.6%	27.0%
	TEACHERS, POSTSECONDARY	1,470	793	132	177	16.6%	22.3%
113	Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers	10	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
114	Biological science teachers	46	22	2	6	10.9%	28.3%
115	Chemistry teachers	23	10	2	2	17.4%	17.4%
116	Physics teachers	30	16	3	5	16.4%	31.3%
117	Natural science teachers, n.e.c.	4	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
118	Psychology teachers	32	15	4	5	29.9%	36.3%
119	Economics teachers	30	17	1	3	8.6%	19.5%
123	History teachers	31	17	4	5	25.2%	28.9%
124	Political science teachers	18	12	4	4	29.0%	32.4%
125	Sociology teachers	19	9	2	3	23.6%	36.0%
126	Social science teachers, n.e.c.	11	6	0	1	0.0%	9.9%
127	Engineering teachers	55	28	4	7	15.9%	24.0%
128	Mathematical science teachers	89	49	11	12	22.6%	25.5%
129	Computer science teachers	42	20	2	2	8.4%	11.4%
133	Medical science teachers	24	14	2	2	13.1%	17.3%
134	Health specialties teachers	64	32	8	10	25.9%	30.1%
135	Business, commerce, and marketing teachers	75	42	7	11	16.6%	26.9%
136	Agriculture and forestry teachers	10	4	1	1	20.1%	26.9%
137	Art, drama, and music teachers	82	49	11	13	21.9%	27.7%
138	Physical education teachers	19	10	2	3	22.8%	26.9%
139	Education teachers	24	14	4	4	28.2%	28.2%
143	English teachers	119	67	7	10	11.0%	14.8%
144	Foreign language teachers	49	23	5	5	20.0%	22.2%
145	Law teachers	10	6	2	2	24.3%	24.3%
146	Social work teachers	5	5	0	1	0.0%	16.2%
147	Theology teachers	30	13	2	3	18.0%	22.7%
148	Trade and industrial teachers	8	4	0	1	13.4%	29.5%
149	Home economics teachers	3	1	0	0	0.0%	15.6%
153	Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c.	7	4	1	1	17.2%	17.2%
154	Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified	501	279	40	54	14.3%	19.5%
	TEACHERS, EXCEPT POSTSECONDARY	7,142	3,829	1,804	2,129	47.1%	55.6%
155	Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten	788	445	93	110	20.9%	24.8%
156	Teachers, elementary school	2,821	1,492	834	979	55.9%	65.6%
157	Teachers, secondary school	2,262	1,194	663	795	55.5%	66.5%
158	Teachers, special education	502	266	170	188	63.8%	70.5%
159	Teachers, n.e.c.	769	432	44	57	10.2%	13.2%
163	Counselors, educational and vocational	398	216	79	93	36.8%	43.0%
164	Librarians	389	189	48	57	25.5%	30.4%
165	Archivists and curators	40	19	1	2	7.8%	9.3%
166	Economists	178	99	3	4	3.2%	4.3%
167	Psychologists	267	147	29	34	19.9%	23.1%
168	Sociologists	4	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
169	Social scientists, n.e.c.	36	17	0	1	2.3%	4.7%
173	Urban planners	28	16	1	1	6.6%	6.6%
174	Social workers	1,035	560	150	165	26.7%	29.5%
175	Recreation workers	182	105	4	7	3.8%	7.0%
176	Clergy	535	289	2	4	0.6%	1.5%
177	Religious workers, n.e.c.	170	93	0	0	0.3%	0.3%
178	Lawyers	772	413	16	23	3.9%	5.5%
179	Judges	60	29	4	5	12.9%	18.6%
183	Authors	27	15	2	3	15.1%	19.1%
184	Technical writers	109	62	3	5	4.8%	7.9%
185	Designers	698	394	18	22	4.6%	5.6%
186	Musicians and composers	142	84	13	13	15.3%	16.0%
187	Actors and directors	116	66	14	15	21.1%	22.0%
188	Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist print-makers	150	85	4	8	5.2%	9.4%
189	Photographers	115	65	6	6	9.2%	9.2%
193	Dancers	21	12	4	4	30.4%	30.4%
194	Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.	101	54	9	13	16.4%	23.8%
195	Editors and reporters	462	253	28	30	11.0%	11.9%
197	Public relations specialists	298	147	8	12	5.7%	8.1%
198	Announcers	95	51	2	4	4.3%	7.5%
199	Athletes	110	69	4	7	5.9%	9.6%
	TECHNICIANS AND RELATED SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	6,663	3,767	432	536	11.5%	14.2%
203	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	572	303	29	39	9.6%	12.9%
204	Dental hygienists	144	84	3	3	3.3%	4.0%
205	Health record technologists and technicians	132	78	8	11	9.8%	13.4%
206	Radiologic technicians	223	120	14	16	11.6%	13.6%
207	Licensed practical nurses	786	435	53	60	12.1%	13.8%
208	Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.	488	271	30	33	11.2%	12.2%
213	Electrical and electronic technicians	608	353	61	84	17.4%	23.9%
214	Industrial engineering technicians	8	5	0	0	9.1%	9.1%
215	Mechanical engineering technicians	37	22	3	4	11.5%	17.1%
216	Engineering technicians, n.e.c.	409	238	23	30	9.7%	12.6%
217	Drafting occupations	446	265	18	26	6.9%	9.9%
218	Surveying and mapping technicians	130	72	5	7	7.2%	9.4%
223	Biological technicians	111	60	5	5	8.5%	8.5%
224	Chemical technicians	174	87	15	17	17.0%	19.7%
225	Science technicians, n.e.c.	147	83	13	13	15.4%	16.1%
226	Airplane pilots and navigators	182	108	54	57	49.7%	53.0%
227	Air traffic controllers	65	37	19	22	51.4%	60.7%
228	Broadcast equipment operators	45	28	8	9	29.8%	32.0%
229	Computer programmers	1,003	588	29	46	4.9%	7.8%
233	Tool programmers, numerical control	8	5	1	1	13.3%	13.3%
234	Legal assistants	391	217	7	9	3.3%	4.1%
235	Technicians, n.e.c.	554	308	34	43	10.9%	13.9%
	SALES OCCUPATIONS	20,390	11,633	587	686	5.0%	5.9%
243	Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations	4,449	2,539	115	138	4.5%	5.4%
253	Insurance sales occupations	717	419	20	23	4.7%	5.6%
254	Real estate sales occupations	729	414	13	16	3.1%	3.9%
255	Securities and financial services sales occupations	397	234	2	4	1.0%	1.7%
256	Advertising and related sales occupations	254	145	7	9	5.0%	6.1%
257	Sales occupations, other business services	979	589	22	27	3.8%	4.6%
258	Sales engineers	53	29	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
259	Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale	2,394	1,374	28	38	2.1%	2.8%
263	Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats	450	258	2	3	0.8%	1.2%
264	Sales workers, apparel	817	450	6	8	1.3%	1.7%
265	Sales workers, shoes	183	104	1	2	1.0%	1.9%
266	Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings	227	134	2	2	1.4%	1.4%
267	Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances	305	175	0	1	0.1%	0.4%
268	Sales workers, hardware and building supplies	360	194	2	3	0.9%	1.7%
269	Sales workers, parts	275	147	5	7	3.4%	5.1%
274	Sales workers, other commodities	2,445	1,371	39	46	2.8%	3.3%
275	Sales counter clerks	333	183	7	8	4.0%	4.1%
276	Cashiers	4,437	2,524	307	340	12.2%	13.5%
277	Street and door-to-door sales workers	345	204	4	5	2.1%	2.2%
278	News vendors	147	88	2	5	1.9%	5.2%
283	Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales	59	35	2	2	5.0%	5.0%
284	Auctioneers	5	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
285	Sales support occupations, n.e.c.	30	18	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING CLERICAL	32,232	18,157	2,464	2,922	13.6%	16.1%
303	Supervisors, general office	838	471	39	54	8.3%	11.4%
304	Supervisors, computer equipment operators	83	48	2	5	4.2%	11.3%
305	Supervisors, financial records processing	159	90	4	6	4.7%	6.3%
306	Chief communications operators	4	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
307	Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks	292	163	39	42	23.7%	25.9%
308	Computer operators	1,405	803	77	97	9.6%	12.1%
309	Peripheral equipment operators	15	8	1	1	10.6%	10.6%
313	Secretaries	7,065	3,854	282	369	7.3%	9.6%
314	Stenographers	71	41	9	10	21.2%	25.0%
315	Typists	1,120	620	92	111	14.9%	17.9%
316	Interviewers	366	207	11	16	5.1%	7.6%
317	Hotel clerks	165	89	5	6	5.5%	6.5%
318	Transportation ticket and reservation agents	221	121	28	33	23.5%	27.3%
319	Receptionists	1,432	813	29	38	3.6%	4.7%
323	Information clerks, n.e.c.	413	243	15	22	6.1%	8.9%
325	Classified-ad clerks	20	11	1	1	10.5%	10.5%
326	Correspondence clerks	27	18	1	1	2.9%	8.1%
327	Order clerks	349	197	67	71	34.3%	36.0%
328	Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping	128	72	3	4	4.3%	6.0%
329	Library clerks	300	171	19	24	11.3%	13.8%
335	File clerks	545	311	24	27	7.6%	8.6%
336	Records clerks	250	146	17	22	11.8%	15.2%
337	Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks	2,999	1,639	84	99	5.1%	6.0%
338	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	334	196	26	32	13.1%	16.2%
339	Billing clerks	326	184	18	22	10.1%	11.8%
343	Cost and rate clerks	120	69	5	6	7.1%	9.4%
344	Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators	83	48	5	6	10.9%	12.6%
345	Duplicating machine operators	48	33	3	4	8.6%	11.6%
346	Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators	17	8	1	1	12.9%	13.6%
347	Office machine operators, n.e.c.	56	30	3	3	8.9%	10.5%
348	Telephone operators	381	210	72	81	34.4%	38.7%
349	Telegraphers	13	8	2	2	26.4%	26.4%
353	Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.	9	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
354	Postal clerks, exc. mail carriers	530	300	232	253	77.4%	84.3%
355	Mail carriers, postal service	580	332	275	292	82.8%	87.8%
356	Mail clerks, exc. postal service	323	187	30	36	16.2%	19.3%
357	Messengers	247	139	5	5	3.8%	3.8%
359	Dispatchers	385	220	49	54	22.3%	24.7%
363	Production coordinators	345	198	26	33	13.2%	16.4%
364	Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks	882	539	107	116	19.9%	21.5%
365	Stock and inventory clerks	1,011	596	113	135	18.9%	22.6%
366	Meter readers	81	41	17	18	40.6%	45.0%
368	Weighers, measurers, and checkers	137	83	15	17	18.0%	20.6%
369	Samplers	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
373	Expediters	227	125	24	25	19.0%	20.0%
374	Material recording, scheduling, & distributing clerks, n.e.c.	57	28	6	9	22.1%	32.1%
375	Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators	584	337	13	18	3.8%	5.3%
376	Investigators and adjusters, except insurance	904	528	32	42	6.1%	7.9%
377	Eligibility clerks, social welfare	156	91	18	21	19.2%	22.8%
378	Bill and account collectors	238	138	9	12	6.3%	8.4%
379	General office clerks	1,378	771	107	135	13.9%	17.5%
383	Bank tellers	842	464	8	16	1.8%	3.4%
384	Proofreaders	54	31	2	2	6.8%	6.8%
385	Data-entry keyers	842	506	68	76	13.4%	15.1%
386	Statistical clerks	154	90	21	26	23.8%	29.1%
387	Teachers aides	891	501	146	186	29.2%	37.2%
389	Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.	1,729	982	155	180	15.8%	18.4%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD	1,351	773	0	0	0.0%	0.1%
403	Launderers and ironers	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
404	Cooks, private household	23	13	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
405	Housekeepers and butlers	63	41	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
406	Child care workers, private household	572	310	0	0	0.0%	0.1%
407	Private household cleaners and servants	691	409	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PROTECTIVE SERVICE	3,391	1,953	755	841	38.7%	43.1%
413	Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations	77	41	27	28	65.5%	69.1%
414	Supervisors, police and detectives	154	87	42	46	48.9%	53.1%
415	Supervisors, guards	83	45	3	6	7.3%	12.4%
416	Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations	33	14	6	6	39.6%	42.9%
417	Firefighting occupations	345	200	140	150	70.1%	75.1%
418	Police and detectives, public service	803	474	274	301	57.9%	63.5%
423	Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers	185	106	31	33	29.2%	31.2%
424	Correctional institution officers	408	245	123	140	50.3%	57.3%
425	Crossing guards	58	30	9	11	31.4%	35.7%
426	Guards and police, exc. public service	1,124	650	96	116	14.8%	17.8%
427	Protective service occupations, n.e.c.	121	60	3	4	4.3%	6.0%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, EXCEPT PROTECTIVE AND HOUSEHOLD	21,215	11,931	1,251	1,419	10.5%	11.9%
433	Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations	613	340	16	20	4.7%	5.7%
434	Bartenders	519	288	17	18	6.0%	6.3%
435	Waiters and waitresses	2,524	1,420	45	52	3.1%	3.7%
436	Cooks, except short order	2,984	1,720	101	120	5.9%	7.0%
437	Short-order cooks	138	81	2	2	2.4%	2.4%
438	Food counter, fountain and related occupations	648	365	6	7	1.7%	2.0%
439	Kitchen workers, food preparation	233	135	13	14	9.7%	10.3%
443	Waiters'/waitresses' assistants	636	381	27	36	7.0%	9.6%
444	Miscellaneous food preparation occupations	1,276	729	71	83	9.7%	11.4%
445	Dental assistants	333	191	5	6	2.6%	2.9%
446	Health aides, except nursing	773	437	57	70	13.0%	16.1%
447	Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants	2,579	1,435	203	231	14.1%	16.1%
448	Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers	252	142	22	23	15.1%	16.2%
449	Maids and housemen	1,174	628	67	77	10.6%	12.3%
453	Janitors and cleaners	3,696	2,095	454	488	21.7%	23.3%
454	Elevator operators	18	10	3	3	33.2%	33.2%
455	Pest control occupations	55	33	1	2	4.1%	6.1%
456	Supervisors, personal service occupations	72	33	0	1	0.8%	3.3%
457	Barbers	50	33	4	4	12.1%	12.1%
458	Hairdressers and cosmetologists	713	400	7	11	1.8%	2.6%
459	Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities	331	148	6	8	4.1%	5.3%
463	Guides	85	44	3	4	7.2%	8.2%
464	Ushers	34	22	1	1	2.6%	6.2%
465	Public transportation attendants	153	98	63	65	64.6%	66.8%
466	Baggage porters and bellhops	66	37	13	13	35.6%	35.6%
467	Welfare service aides	182	100	8	11	8.0%	10.8%
468	Child care workers, except private household	777	424	25	33	5.8%	7.9%
469	Personal service occupations, n.e.c.	301	162	12	15	7.5%	9.1%
	FARMING, FORESTRY, AND FISHING OCCUPATIONS	3,214	1,879	91	102	4.8%	5.4%
473	Farmers, except horticultural	12	8	1	1	14.7%	14.7%
475	Managers, farms, except horticultural	118	63	1	1	0.9%	0.9%
476	Managers, horticultural specialty farms	10	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
477	Supervisors, farm workers	49	35	0	1	0.0%	3.5%
479	Farm workers	1,315	745	9	9	1.2%	1.2%
483	Marine life cultivation workers	3	2	1	1	35.2%	35.2%
484	Nursery workers	85	49	2	2	3.8%	3.8%
485	Supervisors, related agricultural occupations	107	65	5	8	7.6%	12.0%
486	Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm	1,128	685	63	67	9.2%	9.8%
487	Animal caretakers, except farm	158	89	5	6	5.4%	6.3%
488	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	41	30	1	1	4.9%	4.9%
489	Inspectors, agricultural products	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
494	Supervisors, forestry and logging workers	11	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
495	Forestry workers, except logging	34	16	1	1	4.5%	4.5%
496	Timber cutting and logging occupations	103	61	3	5	4.4%	7.8%
497	Captains and other officers, fishing vessels	8	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
498	Fishers	30	13	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
499	Hunters and trappers	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
	PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS	13,567	7,790	1,900	2,056	24.4%	26.4%
503	Supervisors, mechanics and repairers	433	238	24	29	10.0%	12.1%
505	Automobile mechanics	1,168	688	67	72	9.7%	10.5%
506	Automobile mechanic apprentices	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
507	Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics	534	292	79	84	27.0%	28.8%
508	Aircraft engine mechanics	181	106	45	52	42.4%	49.5%
509	Small engine repairers	91	51	2	2	3.0%	3.0%
514	Automobile body and related repairers	259	149	5	6	3.4%	4.0%
515	Aircraft mechanics, exc. engine	28	18	12	14	67.5%	73.8%
516	Heavy equipment mechanics	301	154	57	59	37.4%	38.2%
517	Farm equipment mechanics	62	35	1	2	2.1%	6.5%
518	Industry machinery repairers	890	503	160	166	31.9%	33.0%
519	Machinery maintenance occupations	42	18	11	12	63.0%	66.4%
523	Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment	262	161	37	43	23.2%	26.7%
525	Data processing equipment repairers	262	157	14	18	8.8%	11.5%
526	Household appliance and power tool repairers	63	34	5	5	14.6%	16.0%
527	Telephone line installers and repairers	110	61	42	42	68.3%	69.1%
529	Telephone Installers and repairers	328	181	130	141	71.9%	78.0%
533	Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers	100	58	27	28	47.0%	48.3%
534	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics	365	218	49	55	22.5%	25.3%
535	Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers	38	21	5	5	22.0%	22.0%
536	Locksmiths and safe repairers	19	9	2	2	27.1%	27.1%
538	Office machine repairers	130	80	3	6	4.0%	7.5%
539	Mechanical controls and valve repairers	38	25	8	10	31.5%	39.4%
543	Elevator installers and repairers	46	28	21	21	77.8%	77.8%
544	Millwrights	165	88	57	58	64.9%	65.2%
547	Specified mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.	657	378	89	93	23.6%	24.6%
549	Not specified mechanics and repairers	398	225	61	69	27.2%	30.5%
	CONSTRUCTION TRADES	6,740	3,934	1,106	1,167	28.1%	29.7%
553	Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters	12	9	1	1	15.8%	15.8%
554	Supervisors; carpenters and related workers	31	15	5	5	30.0%	30.0%
555	Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers	61	35	8	10	21.5%	27.1%
556	Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers	13	7	1	1	19.0%	19.0%
557	Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	16	8	3	3	32.7%	32.7%
558	Supervisors; n.e.c.	741	414	84	95	20.3%	22.9%
563	Brickmasons and stonemasons	236	151	43	45	28.3%	29.9%
564	Brickmason and stonemason apprentices	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
565	Tile setters, hard and soft	62	43	3	5	7.9%	11.3%
566	Carpet installers	109	64	8	9	12.6%	13.6%
567	Carpenters	1,597	930	188	197	20.3%	21.2%
569	Carpenter apprentices	11	6	1	1	20.0%	20.0%
573	Drywall installers	190	126	26	29	20.7%	22.8%
575	Electricians	1,055	586	267	281	45.5%	47.9%
576	Electrician apprentices	60	33	11	12	34.2%	36.1%
577	Electrical power installers and repairers	221	116	78	80	67.6%	68.8%
579	Painters, construction and maintenance	567	351	56	60	15.9%	17.1%
583	Paperhangers	10	5	1	1	11.1%	11.1%
584	Plasterers	52	31	7	7	21.7%	21.7%
585	Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	641	365	152	157	41.6%	43.0%
587	Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices	26	12	5	6	42.3%	45.8%
588	Concrete and terrazzo finishers	103	66	16	16	23.7%	24.1%
589	Glaziers	71	41	10	10	23.7%	23.7%
593	Insulation workers	87	55	17	17	31.4%	31.4%
594	Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	31	17	5	6	31.4%	34.1%
595	Roofers	244	158	16	18	10.0%	11.7%
596	Sheetmetal duct installers	65	42	18	18	44.3%	44.3%
597	Structural metal workers	94	52	34	34	64.4%	64.4%
598	Drillers, earth	27	14	5	5	36.3%	36.3%
599	Construction trades, n.e.c.	305	179	37	40	20.8%	22.5%
613	Supervisors, extractive occupations	87	41	4	5	9.3%	12.2%
614	Drillers, oil well	53	28	3	3	9.5%	9.5%
615	Explosives workers	16	7	1	1	14.7%	14.7%
616	Mining machine operators	92	43	23	24	54.4%	56.7%
617	Mining occupations, n.e.c.	53	25	9	9	37.4%	37.4%
633	Supervisors, production occupations	2,264	1,328	141	169	10.6%	12.7%
634	Tool and die makers	247	146	59	64	40.3%	43.8%
635	Tool and die maker apprentices	6	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
636	Precision assemblers, metal	29	16	6	6	36.7%	36.7%
637	Machinists	793	469	176	182	37.7%	38.9%
639	Machinist apprentices	8	6	2	2	28.5%	28.5%
643	Boilermakers	48	29	14	14	48.2%	48.2%
644	Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners	29	16	8	8	53.0%	53.0%
645	Patternmakers and model makers, metal	7	4	3	3	75.7%	75.7%
646	Lay-out workers	14	9	6	6	68.0%	68.0%
647	Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers)	50	21	1	1	2.7%	2.7%
649	Engravers, metal	28	14	2	2	15.9%	15.9%
653	Sheet metal workers	204	115	51	57	44.1%	50.0%
654	Sheet metal worker apprentices	5	2	0	0	21.1%	21.1%
655	Miscellaneous precision metal workers	4	3	1	1	16.8%	16.8%
656	Patternmakers and model makers, wood	4	2	0	0	20.0%	20.0%
657	Cabinet makers and bench carpenters	54	32	7	8	23.0%	23.8%
658	Furniture and wood finishers	48	24	2	2	8.8%	10.0%
666	Dressmakers	102	53	3	4	5.5%	7.8%
667	Tailors	69	43	7	7	15.4%	15.4%
668	Upholsterers	86	48	6	6	11.5%	13.3%
669	Shoe repairers	10	5	1	1	9.3%	9.3%
673	Apparel and fabric patternmakers	4	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
674	Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers	6	3	1	1	20.9%	20.9%
675	Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers	30	21	4	4	19.0%	19.0%
676	Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters	33	18	6	6	34.0%	34.0%
677	Optical goods workers	100	58	3	3	4.9%	4.9%
678	Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians	68	42	2	2	4.7%	4.7%
679	Bookbinders	58	35	9	9	24.5%	26.2%
683	Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers	477	296	66	71	22.4%	23.9%
684	Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c.	40	24	3	3	13.1%	14.8%
686	Butchers and meat cutters	448	260	72	77	27.7%	29.4%
687	Bakers	177	104	28	31	27.5%	29.7%
688	Food batchmakers	66	38	8	10	20.3%	27.0%
689	Inspectors, testers, and graders	173	109	30	33	27.6%	30.5%
693	Adjusters and calibrators	13	8	1	2	17.1%	23.7%
694	Water and sewage treatment plant operators	108	59	25	27	41.4%	45.3%
695	Power plant operators	89	48	25	28	51.7%	58.2%
696	Stationary engineers	210	111	45	46	40.9%	41.4%
699	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	86	47	22	24	47.3%	50.7%
	MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, AND INSPECTORS	13,604	7,969	2,128	2,251	26.7%	28.3%
703	Lathe and turning machine set-up operators	29	16	8	8	48.3%	51.7%
704	Lathe and turning machine operators	95	57	14	14	24.9%	24.9%
705	Milling and planing machine operators	27	15	5	7	32.9%	44.9%
706	Punching and stamping press machine operators	191	112	39	41	35.2%	36.8%
707	Rolling machine operators	20	12	7	7	53.5%	53.5%
708	Drilling and boring machine operators	42	24	11	12	46.3%	48.4%
709	Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators	220	125	42	45	34.1%	36.0%
713	Forging machine operators	27	20	8	8	37.2%	37.2%
714	Numerical control machine operators	11	6	4	4	70.7%	70.7%
715	Misc. metal, plastic, stone, & glass working machine operators	82	47	23	23	49.7%	49.7%
717	Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c.	39	21	10	11	49.7%	51.0%
719	Molding and casting machine operators	161	95	24	24	24.7%	25.2%
723	Metal plating machine operators	59	37	9	10	24.2%	26.7%
724	Heat treating equipment operators	28	18	13	13	72.8%	72.8%
725	Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators	23	14	3	3	17.5%	17.5%
726	Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators	20	10	3	3	33.3%	33.3%
727	Sawing machine operators	177	106	14	14	13.0%	13.0%
728	Shaping and joining machine operators	12	7	1	1	8.5%	8.5%
729	Nail and tacking machine operators	11	9	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
733	Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators	54	28	5	5	18.7%	18.7%
734	Printing machine operators	506	301	62	66	20.7%	21.8%
735	Photoengravers and lithographers	76	45	15	15	32.3%	33.9%
736	Typesetters and compositors	106	56	7	7	12.7%	12.7%
737	Miscellaneous printing machine operators	65	40	3	3	6.7%	6.7%
738	Winding and twisting machine operators	146	77	7	7	8.5%	9.5%
739	Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators	88	47	2	2	4.0%	4.7%
743	Textile cutting machine operators	14	7	2	2	34.1%	34.1%
744	Textile sewing machine operators	1,234	729	126	134	17.2%	18.4%
745	Shoe machine operators	52	29	3	3	11.8%	11.8%
747	Pressing machine operators	242	143	16	18	11.1%	12.6%
748	Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators	347	183	27	27	14.6%	14.9%
749	Miscellaneous textile machine operators	143	77	9	10	11.4%	13.0%
753	Cementing and gluing machine operators	52	29	6	6	21.0%	21.0%
754	Packaging and filling machine operators	771	455	118	126	25.9%	27.7%
755	Extruding and forming machine operators	56	28	8	8	27.5%	27.5%
756	Mixing and blending machine operators	189	118	35	38	29.8%	32.1%
757	Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators	107	64	28	29	44.2%	44.9%
758	Compressing and compacting machine operators	30	20	6	7	31.6%	33.4%
759	Painting and paint spraying machine operators	319	192	51	56	26.4%	28.9%
763	Roasting and baking machine operators, food	7	5	1	1	21.2%	21.2%
764	Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators	21	13	3	3	19.6%	19.6%
765	Folding machine operators	35	22	3	3	15.7%	15.7%
766	Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, exc. food	183	104	55	58	52.7%	55.5%
768	Crushing and grinding machine operators	92	47	14	15	29.0%	31.5%
769	Slicing and cutting machine operators	348	204	60	62	29.4%	30.2%
773	Motion picture projectionists	9	3	1	1	25.5%	25.5%
774	Photographic process machine operators	152	90	9	11	9.8%	12.3%
777	Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c.	1,690	998	317	340	31.8%	34.1%
779	Machine operators, not specified	646	365	106	113	29.1%	30.9%
783	Welders and cutters	947	565	194	206	34.3%	36.5%
784	Solderers and brazers	62	37	9	10	25.2%	25.9%
785	Assemblers	1,836	1,102	348	366	31.6%	33.2%
786	Hand cutting and trimming occupations	17	12	1	1	8.3%	8.3%
787	Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations	33	22	2	2	8.8%	11.2%
789	Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations	53	29	5	5	16.2%	16.2%
793	Hand engraving and printing occupations	37	22	1	1	5.3%	5.3%
794	Hand grinding and polishing occupations	13	7	1	1	7.3%	15.0%
795	Miscellaneous hand working occupations	84	50	7	7	13.7%	13.7%
796	Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners	1,159	672	181	191	26.9%	28.4%
797	Production testers	97	56	13	14	23.0%	24.6%
798	Production samplers and weighers	17	8	0	1	1.1%	8.9%
799	Graders and sorters, exc. agricultural	195	113	24	24	21.6%	21.6%
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	7,974	4,521	1,283	1,377	28.4%	30.5%
803	Supervisors, motor vehicle operators	120	70	8	10	11.6%	13.8%
804	Truck drivers, heavy	3,016	1,694	414	440	24.4%	26.0%
805	Truck drivers, light	1,260	731	135	145	18.5%	19.8%
806	Driver-sales workers	324	187	44	49	23.5%	26.4%
808	Bus drivers	792	443	154	175	34.7%	39.6%
809	Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs	250	148	19	21	12.8%	14.0%
813	Parking lot attendants	82	53	7	7	12.9%	12.9%
814	Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c.	8	5	2	2	36.2%	36.2%
823	Railroad conductors and yardmasters	63	31	23	24	74.6%	79.8%
824	Locomotive operating occupations	85	41	37	37	89.1%	90.2%
825	Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators	67	31	27	28	88.6%	90.5%
826	Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c.	15	9	9	9	100.0%	100.0%
828	Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats	45	27	6	6	21.1%	23.5%
829	Sailors and deckhands	27	18	6	7	33.9%	40.0%
833	Marine engineers	4	3	1	1	48.8%	48.8%
834	Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders	10	5	3	3	63.2%	63.2%
843	Supervisors, material moving equipment operators	27	19	6	6	34.7%	34.7%
844	Operating engineers	400	216	86	94	40.0%	43.3%
845	Longshore equipment operators	2	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
848	Hoist and winch operators	35	17	2	2	11.0%	13.1%
849	Crane and tower operators	161	92	59	60	64.4%	64.7%
853	Excavating and loading machine operators	147	80	23	24	28.7%	30.5%
855	Grader, dozer, and scraper operators	182	92	22	24	23.5%	25.7%
856	Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators	715	438	160	170	36.6%	38.8%
859	Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators	137	71	28	31	39.8%	43.1%
	HANDLERS, EQUIPMENT CLEANERS, HELPERS, AND LABORERS	8,351	4,922	1,119	1,188	22.7%	24.1%
863	Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, & laborers, n.e.c.	26	14	7	7	47.8%	50.4%
864	Helpers, mechanics and repairers	50	29	3	6	12.0%	19.6%
865	Helpers, construction trades	215	136	18	21	13.4%	15.6%
866	Helpers, surveyor	16	9	1	1	12.4%	16.2%
867	Helpers, extractive occupations	6	3	2	2	80.9%	80.9%
869	Construction laborers	1,288	777	179	190	23.0%	24.4%
873	Production helpers	130	87	22	24	25.1%	27.1%
875	Garbage collectors	80	49	19	20	38.0%	40.3%
876	Stevedores	32	17	12	13	67.7%	74.7%
877	Stock handlers and baggers	1,668	972	190	203	19.6%	20.9%
878	Machine feeders and offbearers	154	86	26	28	29.8%	31.9%
883	Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c.	1,072	640	210	218	32.8%	34.0%
885	Garage and service station related occupations	404	215	10	10	4.7%	4.7%
887	Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners	381	238	32	34	13.6%	14.4%
888	Hand packers and packagers	551	315	77	84	24.5%	26.6%
889	Laborers, except construction	2,278	1,336	311	328	23.3%	24.6%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.