Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation: 2000
COC	Occupation	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS	22,049	16,434	875	1,075	5.3%	6.5%
4	Chief executives and general administrators, public administration	33	21	2	2	9.6%	10.6%
5	Administrators and officials, public administration	970	649	112	144	17.3%	22.2%
6	Administrators, protective services	85	60	10	11	16.7%	18.8%
7	Financial managers	1,008	760	4	10	0.6%	1.3%
8	Personnel and labor relations managers	309	223	3	5	1.3%	2.1%
9	Purchasing managers	166	121	2	2	1.3%	1.3%
13	Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations	971	750	7	9	0.9%	1.2%
14	Administrators, education and related fields	1,118	792	140	181	17.7%	22.8%
15	Managers, medicine and health	968	697	25	33	3.6%	4.7%
17	Managers, food serving and lodging establishments	1,378	1,036	29	34	2.8%	3.3%
18	Managers, properties and real estate	520	394	11	13	2.9%	3.3%
19	Funeral directors	56	46	1	1	1.3%	1.3%
21	Managers, service organizations, n.e.c.	873	613	45	54	7.4%	8.9%
22	Managers and administrators, n.e.c.	7,698	5,852	204	247	3.5%	4.2%
23	Accountants and auditors	1,890	1,415	71	79	5.0%	5.6%
24	Underwriters	129	101	0	0	0.3%	0.3%
25	Other financial officers	1,028	759	24	33	3.1%	4.3%
26	Management analysts	344	259	10	13	4.0%	4.9%
27	Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists	780	607	46	57	7.6%	9.4%
28	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	14	8	1	1	8.8%	8.8%
29	Buyers, wholesale and retail trade except farm products	282	206	8	8	3.9%	3.9%
33	Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.	348	262	16	16	6.0%	6.1%
34	Business and promotion agents	28	22	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
35	Construction inspectors	96	72	17	18	23.5%	24.7%
36	Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction	342	245	66	81	27.0%	33.1%
37	Management related occupations, n.e.c.	615	463	21	23	4.6%	5.1%
	PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS, EXC. TEACHERS	17,305	12,916	1,268	1,486	9.8%	11.5%
43	Architects	201	158	6	9	3.7%	5.5%
44	Aerospace engineers	86	77	10	15	13.4%	19.6%
45	Metallurgical and materials engineers	43	35	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
46	Mining engineers	3	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
47	Petroleum engineers	27	19	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
48	Chemical engineers	113	90	5	5	5.2%	5.2%
49	Nuclear engineers	16	12	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
53	Civil engineers	361	267	31	35	11.5%	13.0%
54	Agricultural engineers	6	3	0	0	0.0%	13.4%
55	Electrical and electronic engineers	885	705	34	42	4.9%	5.9%
56	Industrial engineers	320	248	20	22	8.1%	9.0%
57	Mechanical engineers	421	334	20	25	6.1%	7.5%
58	Marine and naval architects	13	8	1	1	14.8%	17.2%
59	Engineers, n.e.c.	316	246	8	10	3.2%	3.9%
63	Surveyors and mapping scientists	21	15	2	2	11.9%	11.9%
64	Computer systems analysts and scientists	2,072	1,676	55	72	3.3%	4.3%
65	Operations and systems researchers and analysts	289	233	10	12	4.3%	5.2%
66	Actuaries	29	22	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
67	Statisticians	39	27	4	5	16.0%	18.2%
68	Mathematical scientists, n.e.c.	6	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
69	Physicists and astronomers	39	27	0	1	0.8%	1.9%
73	Chemists, except biochemists	188	137	8	9	5.5%	6.5%
74	Atmospheric and space scientists	18	12	1	1	11.5%	11.5%
75	Geologists and geodesists	57	31	3	3	8.6%	11.2%
76	Physical scientists, n.e.c.	83	59	4	5	6.7%	7.8%
77	Agricultural and food scientists	60	43	1	1	3.4%	3.4%
78	Biological and life scientists	144	108	10	11	9.2%	10.3%
79	Forestry and conservation scientists	44	18	5	7	25.8%	37.4%
83	Medical scientists	106	89	5	7	5.8%	7.9%
84	Physicians	666	500	29	42	5.8%	8.3%
85	Dentists	59	45	1	1	2.2%	2.2%
86	Veterinarians	41	29	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
87	Optometrists	18	16	3	3	16.6%	16.6%
88	Podiatrists	6	5	1	1	17.3%	17.3%
89	Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.	13	10	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
95	Registered nurses	2,918	2,075	350	396	16.9%	19.1%
96	Pharmacists	266	187	17	18	9.0%	9.4%
97	Dietitians	125	99	8	9	7.7%	9.2%
98	Respiratory therapists	113	81	4	6	4.8%	7.1%
99	Occupational therapists	68	49	10	12	20.9%	24.7%
103	Physical therapists	185	127	7	8	5.5%	6.5%
104	Speech therapists	134	96	36	42	37.5%	43.9%
105	Therapists, n.e.c.	116	92	8	8	8.9%	8.9%
106	Physicians' assistants	98	73	4	7	5.6%	9.4%
	TEACHERS, POSTSECONDARY	1,337	932	152	190	16.4%	20.4%
113	Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers	7	4	0	0	7.3%	7.3%
114	Biological science teachers	50	33	11	14	34.6%	43.9%
115	Chemistry teachers	24	18	3	4	17.3%	25.0%
116	Physics teachers	26	21	3	4	13.9%	16.8%
117	Natural science teachers, n.e.c.	6	4	1	1	16.9%	16.9%
118	Psychology teachers	47	34	5	5	13.4%	16.0%
119	Economics teachers	26	18	5	5	25.8%	25.8%
123	History teachers	29	19	2	3	12.4%	15.6%
124	Political science teachers	20	15	1	2	4.8%	12.7%
125	Sociology teachers	12	10	3	3	27.1%	27.1%
126	Social science teachers, n.e.c.	6	4	2	2	41.3%	41.3%
127	Engineering teachers	46	30	5	6	17.6%	20.9%
128	Mathematical science teachers	52	39	10	11	25.9%	28.8%
129	Computer science teachers	31	24	3	3	12.9%	12.9%
133	Medical science teachers	21	15	0	1	0.0%	5.9%
134	Health specialties teachers	62	41	8	10	18.9%	23.4%
135	Business, commerce, and marketing teachers	30	22	3	6	13.6%	26.5%
136	Agriculture and forestry teachers	15	9	3	3	32.8%	32.8%
137	Art, drama, and music teachers	55	34	9	10	25.5%	29.6%
138	Physical education teachers	10	7	3	4	38.8%	48.8%
139	Education teachers	14	9	2	3	21.5%	29.4%
143	English teachers	81	56	12	15	21.4%	25.7%
144	Foreign language teachers	30	19	3	3	15.4%	16.0%
145	Law teachers	7	5	0	1	0.0%	21.9%
146	Social work teachers	1	0	0	0	100.0%	100.0%
147	Theology teachers	27	20	3	4	15.5%	17.9%
148	Trade and industrial teachers	1	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
153	Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c.	9	7	1	2	14.9%	25.7%
154	Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified	592	412	51	66	12.5%	16.1%
	TEACHERS, EXCEPT POSTSECONDARY	6,990	5,096	2,240	2,526	44.0%	49.6%
155	Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten	774	603	116	130	19.3%	21.5%
156	Teachers, elementary school	2,929	2,143	1,133	1,265	52.8%	59.0%
157	Teachers, secondary school	1,809	1,301	718	823	55.2%	63.3%
158	Teachers, special education	520	365	207	231	56.7%	63.2%
159	Teachers, n.e.c.	958	684	66	78	9.7%	11.4%
163	Counselors, Educational and Vocational	350	256	84	107	33.0%	41.7%
164	Librarians	317	224	59	67	26.3%	29.7%
165	Archivists and curators	43	28	1	1	3.0%	3.0%
166	Economists	163	116	3	3	2.7%	2.7%
167	Psychologists	279	189	32	38	17.1%	20.2%
168	Sociologists	2	1	1	1	75.0%	75.0%
169	Social scientists, n.e.c.	32	23	2	2	7.1%	7.5%
173	Urban planners	28	19	1	2	4.3%	8.5%
174	Social workers	1,154	825	176	198	21.4%	24.0%
175	Recreation workers	173	122	9	11	7.7%	8.9%
176	Clergy	495	372	4	4	1.1%	1.2%
177	Religious workers, n.e.c.	223	172	1	2	0.5%	1.1%
178	Lawyers	897	659	36	43	5.4%	6.6%
183	Authors	83	55	3	3	4.6%	4.6%
184	Technical writers	80	62	2	2	2.6%	2.6%
185	Designers	724	567	27	33	4.7%	5.9%
186	Musicians and composers	110	81	14	15	17.4%	18.4%
187	Actors and directors	113	88	13	14	15.2%	15.9%
188	Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers	167	127	7	9	5.5%	7.0%
189	Photographers	102	77	10	10	13.6%	13.6%
193	Dancers	40	28	1	1	2.1%	2.1%
194	Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.	105	83	14	15	16.5%	18.2%
195	Editors and reporters	357	237	18	20	7.8%	8.5%
197	Public relations specialists	260	193	13	15	6.8%	8.0%
198	Announcers	68	44	6	6	12.6%	14.2%
199	Athletes	108	80	11	13	14.1%	15.8%
	TECHNICIANS AND RELATED SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	5,716	4,279	431	500	10.1%	11.7%
203	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	461	334	24	29	7.2%	8.7%
204	Dental hygienists	170	119	4	5	3.7%	4.1%
205	Health record technologists and technicians	22	16	1	2	5.0%	12.0%
206	Radiologic technicians	220	161	18	21	11.1%	13.2%
207	Licensed practical nurses	512	373	39	46	10.4%	12.4%
208	Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.	920	711	81	92	11.4%	12.9%
213	Electrical and electronic technicians	581	452	57	70	12.6%	15.4%
214	Industrial engineering technicians	6	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
215	Mechanical engineering technicians	24	15	6	6	36.7%	36.7%
216	Engineering technicians, n.e.c.	294	212	31	34	14.4%	15.8%
217	Drafting occupations	285	209	15	16	7.0%	7.5%
218	Surveying and mapping technicians	95	74	6	6	8.2%	8.2%
223	Biological technicians	154	103	7	9	6.5%	8.4%
224	Chemical technicians	93	69	7	8	10.5%	11.8%
225	Science technicians, n.e.c.	122	92	9	10	9.3%	10.8%
226	Airplane pilots and navigators	174	124	68	73	54.8%	59.2%
227	Air traffic controllers	32	22	10	12	44.2%	53.8%
228	Broadcast equipment operators	38	29	4	4	13.6%	13.6%
229	Computer programmers	837	667	25	35	3.7%	5.2%
233	Tool programmers, numerical control	15	13	2	2	16.0%	16.0%
234	Legal assistants	531	391	12	13	2.9%	3.4%
235	Technicians, n.e.c.	130	90	9	9	9.7%	9.9%
	SALES OCCUPATIONS	18,027	13,677	481	533	3.5%	3.9%
243	Supervisors and Proprietors, Sales Occupations	4,785	3,584	129	142	3.6%	4.0%
253	Insurance sales occupations	569	416	8	10	1.9%	2.4%
254	Real estate sales occupations	572	433	17	20	3.9%	4.7%
255	Securities and financial services sales occupations	589	456	3	4	0.6%	0.8%
256	Advertising and related sales occupations	213	157	7	8	4.4%	5.0%
257	Sales occupations, other business services	945	746	26	28	3.5%	3.8%
258	Sales engineers	35	30	0	1	0.0%	3.1%
259	Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale	1,756	1,365	18	21	1.4%	1.6%
263	Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats	414	311	2	4	0.7%	1.2%
264	Sales workers, apparel	557	410	3	4	0.8%	0.9%
265	Sales workers, shoes	134	108	0	0	0.0%	0.2%
266	Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings	236	172	1	1	0.4%	0.4%
267	Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances	328	258	2	2	0.9%	0.9%
268	Sales workers, hardware and building supplies	434	321	2	2	0.6%	0.7%
269	Sales workers, parts	229	175	7	9	4.1%	4.9%
274	Sales workers, other commodities	1,714	1,303	22	28	1.7%	2.1%
275	Sales counter clerks	225	168	8	8	4.6%	4.6%
276	Cashiers	3,868	2,945	212	227	7.2%	7.7%
277	Street and door-to-door sales workers	208	152	5	6	3.3%	4.2%
278	News vendors	97	72	2	2	2.8%	2.8%
283	Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales	89	69	5	5	7.9%	7.9%
284	Auctioneers	4	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
285	Sales support occupations, n.e.c.	26	23	2	2	8.1%	8.1%
	ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING CLERICAL	24,595	18,167	2,207	2,487	12.1%	13.7%
303	Supervisors, general office	505	379	35	40	9.2%	10.5%
304	Supervisors, computer equipment operators	20	13	1	2	7.9%	15.8%
305	Supervisors, financial records processing	102	69	1	1	1.2%	1.2%
306	Chief communications operators	3	3	0	1	0.0%	43.4%
307	Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks	285	217	39	40	18.0%	18.6%
308	Computer operators	447	331	31	33	9.5%	10.1%
309	Peripheral equipment operators	4	2	1	1	59.4%	59.4%
313	Secretaries	3,503	2,476	209	252	8.4%	10.2%
314	Stenographers	158	109	10	11	9.4%	10.3%
315	Typists	704	536	75	81	14.0%	15.2%
316	Interviewers	282	208	16	18	7.6%	8.8%
317	Hotel clerks	226	145	6	9	4.3%	6.0%
318	Transportation ticket and reservation agents	349	260	39	44	15.1%	17.0%
319	Receptionists	1,400	1,033	38	49	3.7%	4.8%
323	Information clerks, n.e.c.	565	423	19	20	4.5%	4.6%
325	Classified-ad clerks	5	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
326	Correspondence clerks	17	9	1	1	14.9%	14.9%
327	Order clerks	387	297	66	71	22.2%	23.8%
328	Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping	107	84	3	4	3.7%	4.2%
329	Library clerks	200	145	16	18	11.0%	12.6%
335	File clerks	430	330	19	22	5.9%	6.8%
336	Records clerks	300	227	36	43	15.9%	18.8%
337	Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks	2,015	1,465	64	74	4.4%	5.0%
338	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	239	173	19	23	11.1%	13.1%
339	Billing clerks	270	193	14	15	7.5%	7.8%
343	Cost and rate clerks	60	44	3	4	6.8%	9.3%
344	Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators	159	122	4	6	3.5%	4.7%
345	Duplicating machine operators	45	33	2	3	6.6%	9.0%
346	Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators	8	5	1	1	21.3%	21.3%
347	Office machine operators, n.e.c.	21	15	0	0	0.8%	0.8%
348	Telephone operators	197	156	29	35	18.3%	22.6%
353	Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.	16	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
354	Postal clerks, except mail carriers	383	297	218	232	73.3%	78.0%
355	Mail carriers, postal service	491	352	278	291	79.1%	82.7%
356	Mail clerks, except postal service	210	178	19	22	10.8%	12.3%
357	Messengers	197	149	9	10	5.8%	6.5%
359	Dispatchers	375	274	45	49	16.2%	17.7%
363	Production coordinators	290	224	20	22	9.0%	10.0%
364	Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks	884	689	101	109	14.6%	15.8%
365	Stock and inventory clerks	602	451	66	75	14.7%	16.5%
366	Meter readers	67	49	15	15	30.6%	30.8%
368	Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers	80	58	10	10	16.8%	16.8%
373	Expediters	409	307	17	19	5.4%	6.3%
374	Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c.	17	13	2	2	18.0%	18.0%
375	Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators	604	451	8	8	1.8%	1.8%
376	Investigators and adjusters, except insurance	1,464	1,084	49	62	4.5%	5.7%
377	Eligibility clerks, social welfare	128	104	26	30	25.2%	29.2%
378	Bill and account collectors	223	169	12	12	6.9%	6.9%
379	General office clerks	1,124	847	81	96	9.5%	11.3%
383	Bank tellers	593	429	3	5	0.6%	1.1%
384	Proofreaders	24	15	1	1	4.5%	4.5%
385	Data-entry keyers	970	751	70	80	9.3%	10.6%
386	Statistical clerks	149	107	14	15	12.8%	14.4%
387	Teachers' aides	987	709	245	279	34.5%	39.4%
389	Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.	1,295	943	101	122	10.7%	12.9%
	PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATIONS	1,010	771	5	6	0.6%	0.8%
403	Launderers and ironers	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
404	Cooks, private household	6	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
405	Housekeepers and butlers	18	15	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
406	Child care workers, private household	345	261	0	1	0.0%	0.3%
407	Private household cleaners and servants	640	492	5	5	1.0%	1.1%
	PROTECTIVE SERVICE OCCUPATIONS	3,123	2,384	938	1,003	39.4%	42.1%
413	Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations	42	33	23	23	70.3%	70.3%
414	Supervisors, police and detectives	148	115	55	62	47.7%	53.8%
415	Supervisors, guards	69	51	4	5	8.0%	9.5%
416	Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations	22	16	3	3	18.8%	18.8%
417	Firefighting occupations	318	237	163	165	68.9%	69.7%
418	Police and detectives, public service	742	552	340	358	61.6%	64.9%
423	Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers	197	152	68	75	45.1%	49.2%
424	Correctional institution officers	422	356	192	208	53.8%	58.4%
425	Crossing guards	51	33	9	10	26.6%	29.3%
426	Guards and police, except public service	949	723	74	87	10.3%	12.0%
427	Protective service occupations, n.e.c.	163	116	7	8	6.4%	6.9%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, EXCEPT PROTECTIVE AND HOUSEHOLD	18,717	13,798	1,290	1,432	9.4%	10.4%
433	Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations	572	416	17	17	4.1%	4.2%
434	Bartenders	492	354	12	13	3.3%	3.6%
435	Waiters and waitresses	1,949	1,453	39	39	2.7%	2.7%
436	Cooks	2,773	2,009	104	123	5.2%	6.1%
438	Food counter, fountain and related occupations	469	353	5	7	1.5%	2.1%
439	Kitchen workers, food preparation	410	308	36	38	11.5%	12.4%
443	Waiters'/waitresses' assistants	836	661	33	35	5.0%	5.3%
444	Miscellaneous food preparation occupations	932	663	67	76	10.1%	11.4%
445	Dental assistants	284	216	4	6	2.0%	2.7%
446	Health aides, except nursing	487	360	48	53	13.3%	14.7%
447	Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants	2,570	1,918	250	278	13.1%	14.5%
448	Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers	222	158	23	26	14.3%	16.2%
449	Maids and housemen	917	607	91	96	15.0%	15.8%
453	Janitors and cleaners	2,889	2,151	369	411	17.1%	19.1%
454	Elevator operators	10	6	1	1	17.5%	17.5%
455	Pest control occupations	78	64	3	3	5.0%	5.0%
456	Supervisors, personal service occupations	89	65	5	5	8.2%	8.2%
457	Barbers	60	50	3	3	5.3%	5.3%
458	Hairdressers and cosmetologists	624	475	6	7	1.2%	1.5%
459	Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities	349	241	12	15	5.0%	6.1%
461	Guides	42	26	3	3	10.9%	10.9%
462	Ushers	45	34	1	1	4.4%	4.4%
463	Public transportation attendants	156	128	81	85	63.1%	66.3%
464	Baggage porters and bellhops	63	40	15	17	37.3%	41.9%
465	Welfare service aides	146	106	10	10	9.1%	9.1%
466	Family child care providers	25	19	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
467	Early childhood teacher's assistants	633	481	14	18	2.9%	3.7%
468	Child care workers, n.e.c.	338	252	25	29	9.7%	11.5%
469	Personal service occupations, n.e.c.	257	181	14	16	7.5%	8.9%
	FARMING, FORESTRY, AND FISHING OCCUPATIONS	2,636	1,974	89	109	4.5%	5.5%
473	Farmers, except horticulture	30	20	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
475	Managers, farms, except horticultural	81	52	1	2	2.2%	3.6%
476	Managers, horticultural specialty farms	12	11	1	2	7.1%	18.5%
477	Supervisors, farm workers	42	38	0	1	0.0%	3.7%
479	Farm workers	1,009	732	11	15	1.5%	2.0%
483	Marine life cultivation workers	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
484	Nursery workers	50	36	1	1	3.6%	3.6%
485	Supervisors, related agricultural occupations	103	75	8	9	10.5%	11.6%
486	Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm	950	744	49	56	6.6%	7.5%
487	Animal caretakers, except farm	145	112	7	8	6.0%	6.8%
488	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	67	66	4	7	6.1%	10.4%
489	Inspectors, agricultural products	10	9	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
494	Supervisors, forestry and logging workers	20	12	1	2	7.5%	14.6%
495	Forestry workers, except logging	29	17	4	4	22.4%	22.9%
496	Timber cutting and logging occupations	53	34	1	2	3.0%	5.3%
497	Captains and other officers, fishing vessels	5	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
498	Fishers	28	13	1	1	8.4%	8.4%
	PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, & REPAIR, EXC. CONSTRUCTION	10,664	8,070	1,619	1,693	20.1%	21.0%
503	Supervisors, mechanics and repairers	311	223	24	26	10.8%	11.5%
505	Automobile mechanics	893	679	53	59	7.7%	8.7%
506	Automobile mechanic apprentices	3	3	1	2	22.2%	54.8%
507	Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics	472	333	85	89	25.5%	26.7%
508	Aircraft engine mechanics	154	128	48	52	37.4%	40.6%
509	Small engine repairers	62	40	2	2	5.9%	5.9%
514	Automobile body and related repairers	189	136	4	5	3.1%	3.7%
515	Aircraft mechanics, except engine	28	26	16	16	61.8%	61.8%
516	Heavy equipment mechanics	243	162	42	43	25.7%	26.7%
517	Farm equipment mechanics	34	21	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
518	Industrial machinery repairers	633	502	130	137	25.9%	27.3%
519	Machinery maintenance occupations	29	18	5	5	26.7%	26.7%
523	Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment	230	172	35	36	20.3%	20.9%
525	Data processing equipment repairers	428	339	26	27	7.6%	7.9%
526	Household appliance and power tool repairers	54	36	3	3	7.8%	7.8%
527	Telephone line installers and repairers	71	48	37	37	77.4%	77.9%
529	Telephone installers and repairers	358	290	133	138	45.9%	47.6%
533	Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers	87	66	24	25	36.9%	37.6%
534	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics	385	304	65	66	21.3%	21.6%
535	Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers	24	19	0	2	2.4%	9.0%
536	Locksmiths and safe repairers	32	23	5	5	22.0%	22.0%
538	Office machine repairers	60	47	5	5	11.4%	11.4%
539	Mechanical controls and valve repairers	21	15	6	6	41.4%	41.4%
543	Elevator installers and repairers	39	29	25	25	88.1%	88.1%
544	Millwrights	97	73	49	49	67.6%	67.6%
547	Specified mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.	500	379	52	58	13.8%	15.3%
549	Not specified mechanics and repairers	353	264	45	48	17.1%	18.0%
	CONSTRUCTION TRADES	6,112	4,646	1,164	1,217	25.0%	26.2%
553	Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters	6	7	1	1	15.2%	15.2%
554	Supervisors, carpenters and related workers	28	21	8	8	37.1%	37.1%
555	Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers	45	37	16	16	42.2%	42.2%
556	Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and plasterers	20	14	2	2	13.3%	13.3%
557	Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	18	17	8	8	48.4%	48.4%
558	Supervisors, construction, n.e.c.	645	486	89	97	18.3%	20.0%
563	Brickmasons and stonemasons	224	172	35	36	20.6%	20.8%
564	Brickmason and stonemason apprentices	5	5	1	1	15.5%	15.5%
565	Tile setters, hard and soft	65	54	8	8	14.3%	14.3%
566	Carpet installers	95	71	7	7	10.4%	10.4%
567	Carpenters	1,402	1,059	197	205	18.6%	19.3%
569	Carpenter apprentices	15	13	6	6	46.1%	46.1%
573	Drywall installers	213	171	18	21	10.7%	12.5%
575	Electricians	953	733	286	295	39.0%	40.3%
576	Electrician apprentices	60	48	16	18	33.9%	36.5%
577	Electrical power installers and repairers	190	137	59	60	43.2%	43.5%
579	Painters, construction and maintenance	504	411	53	56	12.9%	13.7%
583	Paperhangers	12	8	0	0	1.4%	4.8%
584	Plasterers	52	34	3	3	9.9%	9.9%
585	Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	614	443	145	154	32.6%	34.7%
587	Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices	30	20	6	6	29.7%	29.7%
588	Concrete and terrazzo finishers	106	85	22	22	25.4%	25.7%
589	Glaziers	48	38	11	11	28.8%	28.8%
593	Insulation workers	70	47	22	23	47.7%	48.4%
594	Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	14	11	4	4	37.7%	37.7%
595	Roofers	203	156	16	17	10.0%	11.0%
596	Sheetmetal duct installers	47	35	13	14	38.1%	41.7%
597	Structural metal workers	114	86	52	54	60.2%	62.3%
598	Drillers, earth	33	19	2	2	11.6%	11.6%
599	Construction trades, n.e.c.	281	207	57	62	27.4%	29.7%
613	Supervisors, extractive occupations	86	43	1	1	1.5%	1.5%
614	Drillers, oil well	44	26	1	1	4.6%	4.6%
615	Explosives workers	10	6	3	3	56.5%	56.5%
616	Mining machine operators	59	30	11	12	38.1%	39.6%
617	Mining occupations, n.e.c.	39	22	4	5	20.4%	24.4%
628	Supervisors, production occupations	1,395	1,079	109	118	10.1%	10.9%
634	Tool and die makers	145	121	43	43	35.7%	35.7%
635	Tool and die maker apprentices	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
636	Precision assemblers, metal	36	29	10	10	34.2%	34.2%
637	Machinists	595	465	101	104	21.7%	22.4%
639	Machinist apprentices	4	3	1	1	25.8%	25.8%
643	Boilermakers	32	23	10	11	45.2%	45.9%
644	Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners	24	19	8	8	42.1%	42.1%
645	Patternmakers and model makers, metal	6	4	3	3	65.1%	65.1%
646	Lay-out workers	9	8	2	2	23.5%	23.5%
647	Precious stones and metals workers	38	26	1	1	2.7%	2.7%
649	Engravers, metal	11	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
653	Sheet metal workers	144	110	44	45	39.8%	40.9%
654	Sheet metal worker apprentices	1	1	1	1	100.0%	100.0%
655	Miscellaneous precision metal workers	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
656	Patternmakers and model makers, wood	3	2	1	1	31.5%	31.5%
657	Cabinet makers and bench carpenters	82	65	5	5	8.0%	8.0%
658	Furniture and wood finishers	36	26	3	3	10.7%	10.7%
659	Miscellaneous precision woodworkers	4	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
666	Dressmakers	64	48	0	1	0.0%	2.1%
667	Tailors	31	24	1	1	3.1%	4.1%
668	Upholsterers	51	44	1	1	3.0%	3.0%
669	Shoe repairers	6	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
674	Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers	10	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
675	Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers	26	20	2	2	9.0%	9.0%
676	Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters	21	14	3	3	23.2%	23.2%
677	Optical goods workers	93	70	2	5	3.3%	6.8%
678	Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians	54	42	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
679	Bookbinders	38	31	7	8	22.1%	25.9%
683	Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers	427	347	44	47	12.6%	13.5%
684	Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c.	32	30	6	6	19.2%	19.2%
686	Butchers and meat cutters	358	267	98	99	36.7%	37.1%
687	Bakers	215	153	22	23	14.7%	14.8%
688	Food batchmakers	84	67	11	13	16.5%	19.0%
689	Inspectors, testers, and graders	169	139	38	40	27.0%	28.6%
693	Adjusters and calibrators	10	10	3	3	35.1%	35.1%
694	Water and sewage treatment plant operators	98	66	26	26	39.3%	39.5%
695	Power plant operators	60	37	20	20	53.0%	54.0%
696	Stationary engineers	162	114	39	40	34.5%	34.8%
699	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	60	41	14	14	33.9%	33.9%
	MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, AND INSPECTORS	9,003	7,043	1,366	1,442	19.4%	20.5%
703	Lathe and turning machine set-up operators	18	15	4	4	26.0%	26.0%
704	Lathe and turning machine operators	49	36	7	9	19.4%	24.4%
705	Milling and planing machine operators	7	4	2	2	52.3%	52.3%
706	Punching and stamping press machine operators	117	94	27	29	29.1%	30.6%
707	Rolling machine operators	14	12	6	6	53.4%	53.4%
708	Drilling and boring machine operators	19	14	6	6	43.0%	43.0%
709	Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators	114	100	30	30	30.1%	30.1%
713	Forging machine operators	10	9	3	3	35.8%	35.8%
714	Numerical control machine operators	37	27	7	7	25.4%	25.4%
715	Miscellaneous metal, plastic, stone, and glass working machine operators	51	39	15	15	40.2%	40.2%
717	Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c.	27	23	5	5	23.2%	23.2%
719	Molding and casting machine operators	105	83	17	18	20.6%	21.4%
723	Metal plating machine operators	36	28	5	7	18.5%	25.6%
724	Heat treating equipment operators	9	7	3	3	39.7%	39.7%
725	Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators	33	28	2	2	6.0%	6.0%
726	Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators	15	10	0	1	4.0%	12.9%
727	Sawing machine operators	89	64	8	8	12.5%	12.5%
728	Shaping and joining machine operators	11	7	1	1	10.4%	10.4%
729	Nailing and tacking machine operators	3	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
733	Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators	40	28	1	3	4.9%	10.2%
734	Printing press operators	350	273	46	50	16.8%	18.1%
735	Photoengravers and lithographers	39	27	2	2	6.4%	6.4%
736	Typesetters and compositors	30	24	1	1	3.5%	3.5%
737	Miscellaneous printing machine operators	41	31	5	6	16.1%	19.1%
738	Winding and twisting machine operators	54	52	2	2	3.9%	3.9%
739	Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators	32	28	1	1	2.6%	3.4%
743	Textile cutting machine operators	2	2	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
744	Textile sewing machine operators	507	408	39	42	9.5%	10.2%
745	Shoe machine operators	10	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
747	Pressing machine operators	96	78	4	4	4.9%	5.1%
748	Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators	258	184	23	24	12.4%	12.8%
749	Miscellaneous textile machine operators	49	45	3	4	7.4%	9.1%
753	Cementing and gluing machine operators	41	34	5	5	13.5%	13.5%
754	Packaging and filling machine operators	453	336	56	60	16.8%	17.9%
755	Extruding and forming machine operators	43	34	11	11	33.1%	33.1%
756	Mixing and blending machine operators	140	116	28	28	24.3%	24.5%
757	Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators	71	59	22	22	37.6%	37.6%
758	Compressing and compacting machine operators	22	16	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
759	Painting and paint spraying machine operators	217	181	22	24	12.3%	13.5%
763	Roasting and baking machine operators, food	9	7	2	2	26.3%	26.3%
764	Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators	9	9	2	2	24.0%	24.0%
765	Folding machine operators	22	18	3	3	14.5%	14.5%
766	Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food	75	53	19	20	35.3%	36.7%
768	Crushing and grinding machine operators	46	30	4	4	11.7%	14.0%
769	Slicing and cutting machine operators	180	135	26	28	19.5%	20.4%
773	Motion picture projectionists	13	9	2	2	17.1%	17.1%
774	Photographic process machine operators	135	104	11	12	10.6%	11.5%
777	Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c.	1,393	1,114	273	286	24.5%	25.6%
779	Machine operators, not specified	510	376	96	100	25.4%	26.6%
783	Welders and cutters	719	546	115	125	21.0%	22.9%
784	Solderers and brazers	37	29	1	1	2.4%	2.4%
785	Assemblers	1,588	1,264	252	262	19.9%	20.7%
786	Hand cutting and trimming occupations	11	8	1	1	17.6%	17.6%
787	Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations	21	15	1	1	6.6%	6.6%
789	Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations	26	21	5	5	22.2%	26.2%
793	Hand engraving and printing occupations	14	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
795	Miscellaneous hand working occupations	58	40	1	2	2.7%	4.7%
796	Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners	601	474	97	107	20.5%	22.5%
797	Production testers	73	62	16	16	25.8%	25.8%
798	Production samplers and weighers	13	9	3	3	30.0%	30.0%
799	Graders and sorters, except agricultural	191	144	16	18	11.4%	12.5%
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	6,895	5,182	1,195	1,260	23.1%	24.3%
803	Supervisors, motor vehicle operators	116	84	8	10	9.9%	12.1%
804	Truck drivers	3,731	2,830	502	530	17.8%	18.7%
806	Driver-sales workers	193	157	33	37	20.9%	23.5%
808	Bus drivers	743	526	206	215	39.2%	41.0%
809	Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs	313	232	22	23	9.5%	9.8%
813	Parking lot attendants	65	54	8	10	14.9%	18.9%
814	Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c.	12	14	3	3	20.3%	25.3%
823	Railroad conductors and yardmasters	67	50	40	41	80.3%	81.8%
824	Locomotive operating occupations	88	62	48	48	77.3%	77.3%
825	Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators	17	14	9	10	69.7%	74.7%
826	Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c.	6	5	5	5	86.3%	86.3%
828	Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats	52	36	9	10	24.1%	27.1%
829	Sailors and deckhands	22	16	7	7	41.0%	41.0%
833	Marine engineers	4	3	1	1	20.7%	20.7%
834	Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders	3	3	1	1	42.4%	42.4%
843	Supervisors, material moving equipment operators	15	9	1	1	12.2%	12.2%
844	Operating engineers	345	241	79	82	32.8%	33.8%
845	Longshore equipment operators	5	4	3	3	59.2%	59.2%
848	Hoist and winch operators	25	11	1	1	6.6%	6.6%
849	Crane and tower operators	89	64	34	34	52.0%	53.1%
853	Excavating and loading machine operators	138	83	18	20	22.2%	24.3%
855	Grader, dozer, and scraper operators	75	41	5	5	11.2%	11.2%
856	Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators	659	560	130	140	23.2%	25.0%
859	Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators	112	84	23	25	27.5%	30.1%
	HANDLERS, EQUIPMENT CLEANERS, HELPERS, AND LABORERS	6,947	5,417	938	984	17.3%	18.2%
864	Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, n.e.c.	16	15	2	2	10.7%	10.7%
865	Helpers, mechanics, and repairers	41	38	4	5	10.8%	12.0%
866	Helpers, construction trades	134	113	8	8	6.8%	6.8%
867	Helpers, surveyor	11	7	0	0	3.0%	3.0%
868	Helpers, extractive occupations	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
869	Construction laborers	1,282	986	185	191	18.8%	19.3%
874	Production helpers	82	74	20	20	26.6%	26.6%
875	Garbage collectors	67	51	22	22	43.6%	43.6%
876	Stevedores	17	15	14	14	93.9%	93.9%
877	Stock handlers and baggers	1,517	1,168	177	189	15.2%	16.2%
878	Machine feeders and offbearers	98	83	20	21	23.9%	25.2%
883	Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c.	923	731	176	189	24.1%	25.8%
885	Garage and service station related occupations	243	181	8	8	4.4%	4.4%
887	Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners	376	289	27	29	9.3%	9.9%
888	Hand packers and packagers	478	366	44	48	11.9%	13.2%
889	Laborers, except construction	1,660	1,299	231	239	17.8%	18.4%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.