Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation: 2018
COC	Occupation	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS, AND FINANCIAL OCCUPATIONS	24,580	21,172	914	1,128	4.3%	5.3%
10	Chief executives	1,340	1,151	25	36	2.2%	3.1%
20	General and operations managers	1,175	977	29	36	2.9%	3.6%
40	Advertising and promotions managers	46	40	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
50	Marketing and sales managers	1,123	1,008	12	18	1.2%	1.8%
60	Public relations managers	88	64	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
100	Administrative services managers	181	156	5	6	3.4%	4.0%
110	Computer and information systems managers	687	610	12	15	1.9%	2.5%
120	Financial managers	1,388	1,188	23	26	1.9%	2.2%
135	Compensation and benefits managers	22	22	1	1	6.1%	6.1%
136	Human resources managers	335	301	9	10	3.1%	3.4%
137	Training and development managers	63	54	1	2	1.7%	3.6%
140	Industrial production managers	304	248	8	10	3.3%	4.0%
150	Purchasing managers	262	230	8	11	3.4%	4.8%
160	Transportation, storage, and distribution managers	314	277	15	15	5.3%	5.4%
205	Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers	216	138	3	3	2.1%	2.1%
220	Construction managers	732	644	59	67	9.2%	10.4%
230	Education administrators	1,115	938	143	172	15.2%	18.3%
300	Engineering managers	167	151	7	8	4.8%	5.5%
310	Food service managers	1,084	955	14	19	1.4%	2.0%
330	Gaming managers	32	25	2	2	9.4%	9.4%
340	Lodging managers	151	124	1	4	0.9%	3.2%
350	Medical and health services managers	724	609	30	38	4.9%	6.3%
360	Natural sciences managers	14	9	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
410	Property, real estate, and community association managers	498	443	16	19	3.6%	4.2%
420	Social and community service managers	558	415	18	21	4.4%	5.0%
425	Emergency management directors	11	9	0	2	0.0%	19.7%
430	Managers, all other	4,092	3,496	164	207	4.7%	5.9%
500	Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes	42	42	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
510	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	15	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
520	Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products	194	178	5	5	3.0%	3.0%
530	Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products	281	238	16	21	6.7%	8.7%
540	Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators	353	343	13	15	3.7%	4.2%
565	Compliance officers	353	298	25	33	8.5%	11.1%
600	Cost estimators	143	114	4	4	3.3%	3.3%
630	Human resource workers	779	668	52	56	7.8%	8.3%
640	Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists	57	49	5	5	10.4%	10.4%
650	Training and development specialists	138	122	9	11	7.5%	8.6%
700	Logisticians	142	136	8	12	5.7%	9.1%
710	Management analysts	813	694	21	28	3.0%	4.1%
725	Meeting, convention, and event planners	127	110	3	5	2.5%	4.4%
726	Fundraisers	130	90	2	2	1.7%	2.0%
735	Market research analysts and marketing specialists	353	327	4	8	1.2%	2.3%
740	Business operations specialists, all other	291	243	12	15	5.1%	6.2%
800	Accountants and auditors	1,933	1,737	77	94	4.4%	5.4%
810	Appraisers and assessors of real estate	73	53	3	4	6.4%	7.5%
820	Budget analysts	70	53	7	8	13.5%	16.0%
830	Credit analysts	32	26	1	1	4.0%	4.0%
840	Financial analysts	304	283	9	10	3.1%	3.5%
850	Personal financial advisors	473	435	3	7	0.7%	1.6%
860	Insurance underwriters	137	127	1	1	0.9%	0.9%
900	Financial examiners	16	11	2	2	16.1%	16.1%
910	Loan counselors and officers	414	341	6	8	1.8%	2.4%
930	Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents	62	46	12	15	25.6%	32.9%
940	Tax preparers	83	79	5	6	6.4%	7.7%
950	Financial specialists, all other	50	38	3	3	9.1%	9.1%
	PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS	43,165	37,563	5,550	6,251	14.8%	16.6%
1005	Computer and information research scientists	19	20	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1006	Computer systems analysts	631	606	19	25	3.1%	4.2%
1007	Information security analysts	103	94	6	6	6.7%	6.7%
1010	Computer programmers	498	449	16	19	3.7%	4.3%
1020	Software developers, applications and systems software	1,672	1,638	24	38	1.5%	2.3%
1030	Web developers	194	176	4	4	2.1%	2.1%
1050	Computer support specialists	600	554	34	43	6.2%	7.7%
1060	Database administrators	120	111	5	6	4.9%	5.6%
1105	Network and computer systems administrators	229	201	12	12	6.2%	6.2%
1106	Computer network architects	123	114	6	6	4.9%	5.0%
1107	Computer occupations, all other	767	712	36	45	5.1%	6.3%
1200	Actuaries	36	36	1	1	2.1%	2.1%
1220	Operations research analysts	176	133	12	15	8.7%	11.3%
1240	Mathematicians, statisticians and miscellaneous mathematical science occupations	103	95	6	7	6.6%	6.9%
1300	Architects, except naval	194	175	8	8	4.8%	4.8%
1310	Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists	55	38	4	5	11.7%	14.4%
1320	Aerospace engineers	140	151	20	20	13.3%	13.3%
1340	Agricultural and biomedical engineers	15	14	0	0	1.2%	1.2%
1350	Chemical engineers	72	65	3	5	4.9%	7.4%
1360	Civil engineers	483	430	42	44	9.6%	10.1%
1400	Computer hardware engineers	74	71	1	1	1.5%	1.5%
1410	Electrical and electronic engineers	319	289	13	19	4.6%	6.7%
1420	Environmental engineers	37	37	8	8	20.6%	20.6%
1430	Industrial engineers, including health and safety	255	250	13	14	5.3%	5.7%
1440	Marine engineers and naval architects	19	15	5	5	36.1%	36.1%
1450	Materials engineers	49	43	1	1	3.4%	3.4%
1460	Mechanical engineers	334	320	14	15	4.3%	4.6%
1500	Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers	13	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1510	Nuclear engineers	18	14	1	1	4.0%	4.0%
1520	Petroleum engineers	35	27	0	0	0.6%	1.3%
1530	Engineers, all other	614	548	28	37	5.1%	6.8%
1540	Drafters	151	126	5	5	3.6%	4.1%
1550	Engineering technicians, except drafters	504	433	60	68	13.7%	15.6%
1560	Surveying and mapping technicians	75	69	6	6	8.1%	8.1%
1600	Agricultural and food scientists	44	33	0	0	1.2%	1.2%
1610	Biological scientists	135	103	4	5	4.2%	4.6%
1640	Conservation scientists and foresters	33	20	2	3	9.3%	15.9%
1650	Medical scientists and life scientists, all other	199	169	12	14	7.3%	8.4%
1700	Astronomers and physicists	19	18	1	1	5.5%	5.5%
1710	Atmospheric and space scientists	14	8	2	3	28.0%	31.5%
1720	Chemists and materials scientists	133	120	8	8	6.5%	6.5%
1740	Environmental scientists and geoscientists	118	84	7	7	8.5%	8.7%
1760	Physical scientists, all other	353	313	12	18	4.0%	5.7%
1800	Economists	84	37	3	4	7.2%	10.6%
1820	Psychologists	170	151	51	53	33.5%	34.8%
1840	Urban and regional planners	37	28	7	7	25.2%	25.2%
1860	Miscellaneous social scientists, including survey researchers and sociologists	84	58	6	6	10.6%	10.6%
1900	Agricultural and food science technicians	39	32	5	5	15.5%	16.8%
1910	Biological technicians	20	18	1	1	4.3%	4.3%
1920	Chemical technicians	77	62	5	5	8.1%	8.1%
1930	Geological and petroleum technicians	18	11	1	1	5.6%	5.6%
1965	Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians	209	171	13	19	7.8%	11.3%
2000	Counselors	984	825	144	156	17.4%	18.9%
2010	Social workers	954	841	141	153	16.7%	18.2%
2015	Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists	115	106	33	38	31.3%	35.6%
2016	Social and human service assistants	271	215	23	26	10.8%	12.0%
2025	Miscellaneous community and social service specialists, including health educators and community hea	97	72	11	11	15.6%	15.6%
2040	Clergy	489	401	6	9	1.4%	2.1%
2050	Directors, religious activities and education	86	75	2	2	2.6%	2.6%
2060	Religious workers, all other	101	77	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2100	Lawyers, Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers	1,226	978	71	84	7.2%	8.6%
2105	Judicial law clerks	26	15	0	0	3.2%	3.2%
2145	Paralegals and legal assistants	497	457	13	22	2.8%	4.9%
2160	Miscellaneous legal support workers	168	132	10	13	7.3%	9.9%
2200	Postsecondary teachers	1,654	1,397	266	316	19.0%	22.6%
2300	Preschool and kindergarten teachers	797	729	102	126	14.0%	17.2%
2310	Elementary and middle school teachers	4,083	3,417	1,546	1,698	45.3%	49.7%
2320	Secondary school teachers	1,254	1,049	548	598	52.2%	57.0%
2330	Special education teachers	452	365	186	202	50.9%	55.2%
2340	Other teachers and instructors	806	706	62	75	8.8%	10.7%
2400	Archivists, curators, and museum technicians	76	45	2	4	5.4%	8.0%
2430	Librarians	248	192	40	44	21.1%	23.0%
2440	Library technicians	34	29	0	1	0.4%	3.4%
2540	Teacher assistants	1,226	1,040	304	336	29.2%	32.3%
2550	Other education, training, and library workers	197	170	32	35	18.8%	20.7%
2600	Artists and related workers	85	79	0	1	0.5%	1.1%
2630	Designers	844	790	35	38	4.4%	4.9%
2700	Actors	14	11	4	4	38.4%	38.4%
2710	Producers and directors	162	157	21	22	13.4%	13.9%
2720	Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers	353	319	11	22	3.5%	6.9%
2740	Dancers and choreographers	18	18	1	1	5.6%	5.6%
2750	Musicians, singers, and related workers	120	96	12	14	12.7%	14.7%
2760	Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other	38	36	7	7	17.9%	17.9%
2800	Announcers	52	44	1	1	2.8%	2.8%
2810	News analysts, reporters and correspondents	94	66	13	13	19.4%	19.8%
2825	Public relations specialists	179	133	7	7	5.5%	5.5%
2830	Editors	162	141	8	9	5.8%	6.7%
2840	Technical writers	71	61	2	2	2.6%	2.6%
2850	Writers and authors	159	140	9	12	6.6%	8.8%
2860	Miscellaneous media and communication workers	98	86	8	11	9.5%	12.3%
2900	Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators, other media and communication equip	109	102	13	13	12.7%	12.7%
2910	Photographers	95	90	3	4	2.8%	4.4%
2920	Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors	51	47	6	6	12.2%	12.2%
3000	Chiropractors	24	19	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
3010	Dentists	96	79	5	5	6.2%	6.2%
3030	Dietitians and nutritionists	114	96	10	12	10.0%	12.1%
3040	Optometrists	48	42	0	0	1.2%	1.2%
3050	Pharmacists	380	328	21	24	6.5%	7.4%
3060	Physicians and surgeons	1,035	904	76	110	8.4%	12.2%
3110	Physician assistants	141	133	11	12	8.3%	8.9%
3140	Audiologists	14	11	0	1	1.0%	6.4%
3150	Occupational therapists	140	114	17	19	14.6%	16.9%
3160	Physical therapists	308	265	18	20	6.6%	7.4%
3200	Radiation therapists	19	16	1	1	6.9%	6.9%
3210	Recreational therapists	15	12	3	3	24.0%	24.0%
3220	Respiratory therapists	125	111	11	14	10.3%	12.3%
3230	Speech-language pathologists	165	135	34	41	25.5%	30.4%
3245	Exercise physiologists and therapists, all other	230	206	16	17	7.8%	8.5%
3250	Veterinarians	91	78	3	3	4.3%	4.3%
3255	Registered nurses	3,764	3,155	488	535	15.5%	17.0%
3256	Nurse anesthetists	36	25	2	3	6.2%	10.7%
3258	Nurse midwives and nurse practitioners	234	203	12	16	6.0%	7.8%
3260	Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other	13	11	1	1	11.2%	11.2%
3300	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	392	334	26	31	7.9%	9.1%
3310	Dental hygienists	221	172	1	3	0.8%	1.7%
3320	Diagnostic related technologists and technicians	403	336	44	49	13.0%	14.6%
3400	Emergency medical technicians and paramedics	226	214	54	57	25.2%	26.6%
3420	Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians	782	704	43	46	6.1%	6.5%
3500	Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses	710	626	70	83	11.2%	13.2%
3510	Medical records and health information technicians	195	157	10	15	6.3%	9.5%
3520	Opticians, dispensing	66	56	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
3535	Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians	139	134	14	16	10.5%	11.5%
3540	Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations, including podiatrists	143	125	16	16	12.4%	12.4%
3600	Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides	2,117	1,960	205	225	10.4%	11.5%
3610	Occupational therapist assistants and aides	33	35	1	1	4.1%	4.1%
3620	Physical therapist assistants and aides	112	94	4	5	4.0%	5.1%
3630	Massage therapists	99	91	1	2	1.6%	1.8%
3640	Dental assistants	323	291	7	9	2.3%	3.2%
3645	Medical assistants	622	580	39	42	6.7%	7.2%
3646	Medical transcriptionists	45	40	2	2	3.9%	4.2%
3647	Pharmacy aides	43	36	4	4	11.9%	11.9%
3648	Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers	69	63	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
3649	Phlebotomists	132	117	6	8	5.5%	6.8%
3655	Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations, including medical equipment preparers	243	205	15	16	7.5%	8.0%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS	23,235	20,851	2,104	2,298	10.1%	11.0%
3700	First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers	66	48	15	16	30.3%	32.9%
3710	First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives	112	88	37	37	42.2%	42.3%
3720	First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers	64	52	33	33	63.2%	63.2%
3730	Supervisors, protective service workers, all other	86	75	9	9	12.3%	12.5%
3740	Fire fighters	336	308	190	198	61.7%	64.4%
3750	Fire inspectors	28	19	6	6	29.4%	29.4%
3800	Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers	458	404	153	167	37.7%	41.4%
3820	Detectives and criminal investigators	192	160	52	54	32.4%	33.7%
3840	Miscellaneous law enforcement workers	17	11	4	4	35.4%	35.4%
3850	Police officers	828	748	418	431	55.9%	57.6%
3900	Animal control workers	19	16	3	3	17.7%	17.7%
3910	Private detectives and investigators	102	93	7	9	7.9%	9.4%
3930	Security guards and gaming surveillance officers	1,009	955	122	132	12.7%	13.8%
3940	Crossing guards	70	65	20	20	30.8%	30.8%
3945	Transportation security screeners	48	40	7	10	17.5%	23.8%
3955	Lifeguards and other recreational and all other protective service workers	139	115	8	8	6.8%	6.8%
4000	Chefs and head cooks	423	406	17	20	4.2%	4.8%
4010	First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers	587	516	17	18	3.3%	3.5%
4020	Cooks	2,217	1,958	75	87	3.8%	4.5%
4030	Food preparation workers	1,158	1,001	55	67	5.5%	6.7%
4040	Bartenders	520	462	13	15	2.9%	3.2%
4050	Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food	369	330	30	33	9.1%	10.0%
4060	Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop	208	188	2	4	0.9%	2.2%
4110	Waiters and waitresses	2,192	2,024	49	53	2.4%	2.6%
4120	Food servers, nonrestaurant	272	233	26	32	11.1%	13.9%
4130	Food preparation and serving related workers, all other, inc. dining/cafeteria attendants & bartende	343	321	10	17	3.2%	5.3%
4140	Dishwashers	322	268	10	14	3.9%	5.4%
4150	Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop	378	371	9	11	2.5%	3.0%
4200	First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers	245	205	24	26	11.6%	12.5%
4210	First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers	116	102	5	7	5.2%	6.9%
4220	Janitors and building cleaners	2,559	2,271	302	336	13.3%	14.8%
4230	Maids and housekeeping cleaners	1,547	1,347	73	85	5.4%	6.3%
4240	Pest control workers	89	77	4	4	4.8%	4.8%
4250	Grounds maintenance workers	1,065	988	44	51	4.4%	5.2%
4300	First-line supervisors/managers of gaming workers	182	149	4	4	2.9%	2.9%
4320	First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers	94	94	0	1	0.0%	1.5%
4340	Animal trainers	25	24	1	1	5.4%	5.4%
4350	Nonfarm animal caretakers	215	190	3	3	1.6%	1.6%
4400	Gaming services workers	118	97	13	15	13.6%	14.9%
4410	Motion picture projectionists	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4420	Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers	38	33	1	1	3.4%	3.4%
4430	Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers	231	212	10	13	4.6%	6.3%
4460	Embalmers and funeral attendants	20	17	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4465	Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors	31	29	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4500	Barbers	66	65	1	1	1.8%	1.8%
4510	Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists	525	488	3	3	0.6%	0.6%
4520	Miscellaneous personal appearance workers	328	357	2	3	0.6%	0.9%
4530	Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges	83	86	17	18	19.5%	21.3%
4540	Tour and travel guides	67	53	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4600	Child care workers	961	873	42	46	4.8%	5.3%
4610	Personal and home care aides	1,447	1,267	137	147	10.8%	11.6%
4620	Recreation and fitness workers	431	382	16	17	4.2%	4.5%
4640	Residential advisors	52	43	1	1	2.4%	2.4%
4650	Personal care and service workers, all other	136	127	5	5	4.1%	4.1%
	SALES AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS	15,351	13,712	455	539	3.3%	3.9%
4700	First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers	3,062	2,618	125	143	4.8%	5.5%
4710	First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers	1,041	922	26	32	2.8%	3.5%
4720	Cashiers	3,439	3,160	135	154	4.3%	4.9%
4740	Counter and rental clerks	127	108	3	3	3.1%	3.1%
4750	Parts salespersons	153	125	3	3	2.3%	2.6%
4760	Retail salespersons	3,333	2,991	61	73	2.0%	2.4%
4800	Advertising sales agents	215	196	9	10	4.7%	5.0%
4810	Insurance sales agents	575	505	6	8	1.2%	1.6%
4820	Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents	206	201	1	3	0.5%	1.6%
4830	Travel agents	66	66	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4840	Sales representatives, services, all other	500	475	10	14	2.1%	2.9%
4850	Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing	1,380	1,187	36	46	3.0%	3.9%
4900	Models, demonstrators, and product promoters	59	53	2	2	3.3%	3.3%
4920	Real estate brokers and sales agents	693	651	29	37	4.5%	5.7%
4930	Sales engineers	40	39	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4940	Telemarketers	66	61	1	1	1.6%	1.6%
4950	Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers	88	80	3	5	4.3%	6.1%
4965	Sales and related workers, all other	308	274	4	5	1.4%	1.9%
	OFFICE AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	19,735	17,080	1,536	1,683	9.0%	9.9%
5000	First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers	1,670	1,406	89	98	6.3%	6.9%
5010	Switchboard operators, including answering service	34	27	1	1	3.2%	3.2%
5020	Telephone operators	40	34	1	1	3.1%	3.1%
5030	Communications equipment operators, all other	10	9	2	2	21.7%	21.7%
5100	Bill and account collectors	135	124	4	4	3.2%	3.3%
5110	Billing and posting clerks and machine operators	532	465	22	23	4.6%	5.0%
5120	Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks	1,119	890	33	39	3.7%	4.4%
5130	Gaming cage workers	15	8	1	1	11.5%	11.5%
5140	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	137	123	13	14	10.4%	11.1%
5150	Procurement clerks	35	33	6	6	17.9%	17.9%
5160	Tellers	364	310	4	7	1.2%	2.3%
5165	Financial clerks, all other	97	84	6	6	7.3%	7.5%
5200	Brokerage clerks	9	7	1	1	18.7%	18.7%
5220	Court, municipal, and license clerks	107	84	18	21	21.9%	24.6%
5230	Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks	63	50	4	4	7.9%	7.9%
5240	Customer service representatives	2,734	2,510	142	155	5.6%	6.2%
5250	Eligibility interviewers, government programs	81	73	29	33	39.6%	44.5%
5260	File Clerks	188	151	17	20	11.5%	13.0%
5300	Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks	148	115	3	4	2.5%	3.5%
5310	Interviewers, except eligibility and loan	174	146	14	15	9.8%	10.4%
5320	Library assistants, clerical	129	103	19	21	18.0%	20.3%
5330	Loan interviewers and clerks	137	118	4	4	3.3%	3.3%
5340	New accounts clerks	20	21	1	1	6.3%	6.3%
5350	Correspondence clerks and order clerks	95	80	4	4	4.4%	5.1%
5360	Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping	58	55	3	5	5.9%	8.9%
5400	Receptionists and information clerks	1,515	1,284	34	42	2.6%	3.3%
5410	Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks	144	136	33	36	24.3%	26.3%
5420	Information and record clerks, all other	140	122	15	15	12.2%	12.7%
5500	Cargo and freight agents	24	24	3	5	13.4%	19.1%
5510	Couriers and messengers	279	258	51	53	19.8%	20.5%
5520	Dispatchers	346	293	61	61	20.7%	21.0%
5530	Meter readers, utilities	34	27	5	5	19.9%	19.9%
5540	Postal service clerks	132	119	76	82	63.7%	68.4%
5550	Postal service mail carriers	361	309	226	233	72.9%	75.2%
5560	Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators	61	57	36	38	63.4%	65.8%
5600	Production, planning, and expediting clerks	327	268	24	26	9.1%	9.7%
5610	Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks	602	582	29	36	4.9%	6.1%
5620	Stock clerks and order fillers	1,667	1,524	113	123	7.4%	8.1%
5630	Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping	68	51	6	8	11.7%	15.4%
5700	Secretaries and administrative assistants	2,995	2,459	173	196	7.0%	8.0%
5800	Computer operators	90	78	10	11	12.3%	14.0%
5810	Data entry keyers	296	271	17	21	6.2%	7.7%
5820	Word processors and typists	71	60	10	10	16.2%	16.2%
5840	Insurance claims and policy processing clerks	260	227	6	6	2.5%	2.5%
5850	Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service	67	60	4	4	6.4%	6.4%
5860	Office clerks, general	1,439	1,257	124	133	9.8%	10.5%
5900	Office machine operators, except computer	20	16	2	2	13.2%	13.2%
5910	Proofreaders and copy markers	11	8	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
5920	Statistical assistants	48	44	5	5	11.6%	11.6%
5940	Office and administrative support workers, including desktop publishers	607	518	34	43	6.6%	8.4%
	FARMING, FISHING, AND FORESTRY OCCUPATIONS	1,285	1,024	24	31	2.4%	3.0%
6005	First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers	56	46	2	2	3.9%	3.9%
6010	Agricultural inspectors	26	18	3	3	14.9%	14.9%
6040	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	106	90	5	6	5.4%	6.5%
6050	Miscellaneous agricultural workers, including animal breeders	973	789	11	16	1.5%	2.0%
6100	Fishing and hunting workers	35	21	0	0	1.7%	1.7%
6120	Forest and conservation workers	26	19	0	0	0.7%	0.7%
6130	Logging workers	63	41	3	4	7.3%	9.8%
	CONSTRUCTION AND EXTRACTION OCCUPATIONS	7,702	6,776	1,159	1,219	17.1%	18.0%
6200	First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers	685	547	91	96	16.7%	17.5%
6210	Boilermakers	24	16	12	12	71.3%	71.3%
6220	Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons	129	105	18	21	17.6%	20.2%
6230	Carpenters	1,111	1,024	131	135	12.8%	13.2%
6240	Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers	122	119	7	7	5.9%	5.9%
6250	Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers	58	49	9	9	18.4%	18.4%
6260	Construction laborers	1,665	1,604	172	179	10.7%	11.2%
6300	Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	23	19	1	1	6.3%	6.3%
6320	Construction equipment operators, except Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	445	334	83	84	24.7%	25.1%
6330	Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers	138	128	14	16	10.9%	12.2%
6355	Electricians	935	801	242	256	30.2%	31.9%
6360	Glaziers	48	43	5	5	11.8%	11.8%
6400	Insulation workers	62	52	14	15	27.4%	30.0%
6420	Painters, construction and maintenance and paperhangers	411	417	39	42	9.3%	10.2%
6440	Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	630	553	133	138	24.1%	24.9%
6460	Plasterers and stucco masons	17	17	3	3	17.4%	17.4%
6500	Reinforcing iron and rebar workers	5	3	2	2	66.2%	66.2%
6515	Roofers	178	167	11	13	6.3%	7.9%
6520	Sheet metal workers	149	132	39	41	29.1%	31.1%
6530	Structural iron and steel workers	55	54	24	25	44.1%	46.6%
6600	Helpers, construction trades	76	79	8	10	10.3%	13.3%
6660	Construction and building inspectors	105	89	14	18	16.2%	19.9%
6700	Elevator installers and repairers	27	25	15	17	58.7%	66.8%
6710	Fence erectors	27	23	5	5	19.8%	19.8%
6720	Hazardous materials removal workers	35	33	8	8	25.5%	25.5%
6730	Highway maintenance workers	143	112	34	36	30.8%	31.9%
6740	Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators	13	12	7	7	61.9%	61.9%
6750	Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners	6	6	2	2	36.0%	36.0%
6765	Miscellaneous construction and related workers, including photovoltaic installers	40	39	4	4	9.5%	9.5%
6800	Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining	49	29	1	1	4.7%	4.7%
6820	Earth drillers, except oil and gas	36	23	2	2	6.5%	7.1%
6830	Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters	18	14	2	2	15.7%	15.7%
6840	Mining machine operators	120	59	5	5	8.6%	9.1%
6920	Roustabouts, oil and gas	25	10	0	0	1.4%	1.4%
6940	Other extraction workers, including roof bolters and helpers	92	40	1	1	2.1%	2.4%
	INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS	5,242	4,520	682	730	15.1%	16.1%
7000	First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers	338	275	24	26	8.8%	9.4%
7010	Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers	192	171	10	10	5.9%	6.0%
7020	Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers	140	131	38	40	29.1%	30.2%
7030	Avionics technicians	14	11	3	3	28.4%	28.4%
7040	Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers	25	24	4	5	16.0%	22.1%
7100	Electrical and electronics repairers, transportation equipment, industrial and utility	20	13	1	1	10.3%	10.3%
7110	Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles	7	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7120	Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers	34	31	5	7	17.9%	21.6%
7130	Security and fire alarm systems installers	53	50	2	2	3.6%	3.6%
7140	Aircraft mechanics and service technicians	189	158	52	59	33.2%	37.5%
7150	Automotive body and related repairers	135	127	3	3	2.5%	2.7%
7160	Automotive glass installers and repairers	23	22	0	0	0.4%	0.4%
7200	Automotive service technicians and mechanics	816	753	33	37	4.4%	4.9%
7210	Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists	460	374	58	62	15.4%	16.7%
7220	Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics	284	200	30	34	14.9%	17.2%
7240	Small engine mechanics	47	33	1	1	3.1%	3.1%
7260	Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers	100	84	2	2	1.8%	2.4%
7300	Control and valve installers and repairers	21	20	2	2	9.8%	9.8%
7315	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers	413	396	66	72	16.8%	18.2%
7320	Home appliance repairers	35	32	1	1	3.9%	3.9%
7330	Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics	501	431	75	80	17.4%	18.6%
7340	Maintenance and repair workers, general	596	491	76	80	15.6%	16.3%
7350	Maintenance workers, machinery	35	25	5	5	19.1%	19.1%
7360	Millwrights	60	43	17	19	39.9%	44.1%
7410	Electrical power-line installers and repairers	159	129	63	66	48.4%	50.9%
7420	Telecommunications line installers and repairers	221	204	69	71	33.7%	34.6%
7430	Precision instrument and equipment repairers	55	48	3	3	6.7%	6.7%
7510	Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers	36	30	4	4	15.0%	15.0%
7540	Locksmiths and safe repairers	24	22	3	3	11.8%	11.8%
7550	Manufactured building and mobile home installers	8	6	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7560	Riggers	15	13	5	5	33.5%	33.5%
7610	Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers	19	19	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7630	Other installation, maintenance, repair workers, including wind turbine techs, divers, train switch	167	151	27	27	17.7%	17.7%
	PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS	9,363	8,271	986	1,063	11.9%	12.8%
7700	First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers	939	805	64	69	7.9%	8.6%
7710	Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers	11	7	1	1	22.1%	22.1%
7720	Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers	137	122	5	6	4.4%	4.6%
7730	Engine and other machine assemblers	10	9	0	0	4.1%	4.1%
7740	Structural metal fabricators and fitters	33	29	5	8	18.5%	25.8%
7750	Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators	1,123	1,050	165	174	15.8%	16.6%
7800	Bakers	231	206	15	15	7.3%	7.3%
7810	Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers	319	250	56	58	22.2%	23.2%
7830	Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders	8	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7840	Food batchmakers	93	76	6	6	7.4%	7.4%
7850	Food cooking machine operators and tenders	14	11	1	1	4.4%	4.4%
7855	Food processing workers, all other	169	149	26	27	17.6%	18.3%
7900	Computer control programmers and operators	122	111	10	10	8.8%	8.8%
7920	Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	17	18	3	3	16.7%	16.7%
7940	Rolling machine setters, operators; tenders and forging machine setters, operators; tenders, metal a	18	16	5	5	34.6%	34.6%
7950	Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	73	61	11	11	17.5%	17.5%
8000	Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and pl	38	36	5	5	13.7%	13.7%
8010	Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	12	8	2	3	19.7%	33.0%
8030	Machinists	375	326	30	32	9.2%	9.8%
8040	Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders	26	19	4	4	21.4%	21.4%
8100	Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	39	34	4	4	12.4%	12.4%
8130	Tool and die makers	52	49	9	10	17.6%	19.8%
8140	Welding, soldering, and brazing workers	702	581	85	93	14.7%	16.0%
8200	Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	19	18	3	3	14.0%	14.0%
8210	Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8220	Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other	430	410	47	52	11.4%	12.8%
8250	Prepress technicians and workers	17	15	2	2	13.9%	13.9%
8255	Printing press operators	173	158	8	10	4.8%	6.4%
8256	Print binding and finishing workers	17	15	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8300	Laundry and dry-cleaning workers	160	140	12	14	8.5%	9.8%
8310	Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials	36	35	3	3	8.6%	8.6%
8320	Sewing machine operators	152	150	3	4	2.0%	2.8%
8330	Shoe and leather workers and repairers	2	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8350	Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers	58	57	2	3	3.5%	4.6%
8400	Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders	5	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8410	Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders	6	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8420	Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders	4	3	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8450	Upholsterers	24	23	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8460	Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, except upholsterers	25	25	4	4	14.1%	14.1%
8500	Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters	66	49	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8510	Furniture finishers	13	16	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8530	Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood	39	35	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8540	Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing	30	25	3	3	13.5%	13.5%
8550	Miscellaneous woodworkers, including model makers and pattern makers	13	13	1	1	9.0%	9.0%
8600	Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers	53	33	13	13	38.2%	39.4%
8610	Stationary engineers and boiler operators	102	85	24	26	28.0%	31.3%
8620	Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators	124	102	40	43	39.0%	42.1%
8630	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	61	37	4	4	10.9%	10.9%
8640	Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders	78	68	6	6	9.4%	9.4%
8650	Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers	97	84	7	7	8.3%	8.7%
8710	Cutting workers	62	59	1	2	1.9%	3.2%
8720	Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders	27	19	3	4	15.1%	19.4%
8730	Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders	21	20	6	7	29.8%	38.0%
8740	Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers	912	815	88	98	10.8%	12.0%
8750	Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers	29	22	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8760	Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians	89	82	3	3	3.1%	3.1%
8800	Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders	308	271	29	31	10.7%	11.6%
8810	Painting workers	181	162	10	10	5.9%	6.2%
8830	Photographic process workers and processing machine operators	19	18	3	3	13.7%	13.7%
8850	Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders	9	8	0	0	2.9%	2.9%
8860	Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders	8	10	1	1	9.8%	9.8%
8910	Etchers and engravers	13	10	1	1	10.3%	10.3%
8920	Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic	32	31	3	3	11.2%	11.2%
8930	Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders	25	20	9	9	44.0%	44.0%
8940	Tire builders	6	5	3	3	61.7%	61.7%
8950	Helpers--production workers	69	53	4	4	7.4%	7.4%
8965	Production workers, including semiconductor processors and cooling and freezing equipment operators	1,186	1,079	130	141	12.0%	13.1%
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	10,197	9,161	1,330	1,434	14.5%	15.7%
9000	Supervisors, transportation and material moving workers	241	205	29	31	14.0%	15.2%
9030	Aircraft pilots and flight engineers	154	113	63	63	55.3%	56.1%
9040	Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists	52	39	16	17	40.6%	45.0%
9050	Flight attendants	111	107	62	70	58.4%	65.0%
9110	Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians	10	10	2	2	17.7%	17.7%
9120	Bus drivers	675	578	190	199	32.8%	34.5%
9130	Driver/sales workers and truck drivers	3,646	3,148	354	388	11.3%	12.3%
9140	Taxi drivers and chauffeurs	565	572	32	39	5.7%	6.8%
9150	Motor vehicle operators, all other	62	55	3	5	6.1%	9.5%
9200	Locomotive engineers and operators	54	35	24	25	68.5%	70.3%
9240	Railroad brake, signal, switch operators, conductors and yardmasters	79	60	43	43	71.3%	71.3%
9260	Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation workers	19	18	14	14	77.9%	81.4%
9300	Sailors and marine oilers, and ship engineers	44	28	6	6	20.3%	20.3%
9310	Ship and boat captains and operators	40	30	10	10	33.6%	34.0%
9350	Parking lot attendants	89	87	8	10	9.8%	11.8%
9360	Service station attendants	104	98	6	6	6.4%	6.4%
9410	Transportation inspectors	45	40	16	17	39.8%	42.6%
9415	Transportation attendants, except flight attendants	35	37	7	7	19.9%	19.9%
9420	Other transportation workers, including bridge and lock tenders	30	26	5	5	19.7%	19.7%
9510	Crane and tower operators	82	66	24	25	35.9%	36.9%
9520	Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators	32	19	1	1	6.6%	6.6%
9560	Hoist and winch operators, and conveyor operators and tenders	20	12	0	0	2.0%	2.0%
9600	Industrial truck and tractor operators	621	619	77	85	12.4%	13.7%
9610	Cleaners of vehicles and equipment	335	298	21	22	6.9%	7.4%
9620	Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand	2,200	2,034	247	265	12.2%	13.0%
9630	Machine feeders and offbearers	33	29	1	2	4.4%	7.6%
9640	Packers and packagers, hand	639	646	32	39	5.0%	6.0%
9650	Pumping station operators	28	16	2	2	14.9%	14.9%
9720	Refuse and recyclable material collectors	89	77	19	19	24.2%	24.2%
9750	Material moving workers, including mine shuttle operators and tank car, truck, and ship loaders	63	57	15	15	26.1%	26.1%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.