Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation: 2020
COC	Occupation	Obs	Employment (in 1000s)	Members (in 1000s)	Covered (in 1000s)	% Mem	% Cov
	MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS, AND FINANCIAL OCCUPATIONS	22,579	22,119	961	1,193	4.3%	5.4%
10	Chief executives	1,314	1,228	22	28	1.8%	2.3%
20	General and operations managers	1,047	1,021	27	40	2.6%	3.9%
40	Advertising and promotions managers	43	46	0	1	0.0%	1.7%
51	Marketing managers	489	505	10	13	1.9%	2.7%
52	Sales managers	498	516	7	7	1.4%	1.4%
60	Public relations and fundraising managers	104	83	2	2	2.3%	2.3%
101	Administrative services managers	70	69	3	3	3.8%	3.8%
102	Facilities managers	137	126	5	6	4.0%	4.6%
110	Computer and information systems managers	692	710	11	14	1.5%	2.0%
120	Financial managers	1,310	1,280	27	45	2.1%	3.5%
135	Compensation and benefits managers	16	15	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
136	Human resources managers	282	273	2	6	0.8%	2.2%
137	Training and development managers	47	47	3	3	7.4%	7.4%
140	Industrial production managers	254	249	6	6	2.4%	2.6%
150	Purchasing managers	221	228	16	20	7.0%	8.9%
160	Transportation, storage, and distribution managers	257	270	9	13	3.4%	4.9%
205	Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers	158	122	2	2	1.8%	1.8%
220	Construction managers	627	623	48	55	7.7%	8.8%
230	Education and childcare administrators	986	924	173	197	18.8%	21.4%
300	Architectural and engineering managers	157	157	6	8	4.0%	4.8%
310	Food service managers	783	806	8	13	1.0%	1.6%
335	Entertainment and recreation managers	45	39	4	4	10.6%	10.6%
340	Lodging managers	99	82	0	2	0.2%	1.9%
350	Medical and health services managers	723	670	24	31	3.6%	4.7%
360	Natural sciences managers	10	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
410	Property, real estate, and community association managers	506	492	15	18	3.1%	3.6%
420	Social and community service managers	457	387	19	23	5.0%	6.1%
425	Emergency management directors	14	11	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
440	Managers, all other	3,536	3,348	158	199	4.7%	5.9%
500	Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes	27	29	3	4	9.1%	13.8%
510	Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products	13	9	1	1	14.1%	14.1%
520	Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products	173	163	3	5	1.7%	3.0%
530	Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products	236	227	14	17	6.0%	7.3%
540	Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators	318	336	17	18	5.1%	5.5%
565	Compliance officers	323	295	37	42	12.4%	14.3%
600	Cost estimators	115	119	11	11	9.3%	9.3%
630	Human resources workers	756	783	47	51	6.0%	6.5%
640	Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists	66	69	10	11	14.1%	16.2%
650	Training and development specialists	125	119	8	9	7.0%	7.3%
700	Logisticians	134	138	8	10	5.9%	7.5%
705	Project management specialists	654	661	19	22	2.8%	3.3%
710	Management analysts	690	702	13	19	1.8%	2.8%
725	Meeting, convention, and event planners	122	114	4	5	3.2%	4.3%
726	Fundraisers	110	101	0	2	0.2%	2.3%
735	Market research analysts and marketing specialists	355	397	3	5	0.8%	1.2%
750	Business operations specialists, all other	305	292	19	22	6.7%	7.4%
800	Accountants and auditors	1,570	1,606	69	87	4.3%	5.4%
810	Property appraisers and assessors	64	55	8	8	14.0%	14.0%
820	Budget analysts	71	66	8	8	12.9%	12.9%
830	Credit analysts	25	22	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
845	Financial and investment analysts	289	316	8	11	2.5%	3.4%
850	Personal financial advisors	410	431	5	11	1.2%	2.6%
860	Insurance underwriters	102	101	6	6	5.5%	5.5%
900	Financial examiners	20	23	1	5	4.3%	21.7%
910	Credit counselors and loan officers	414	405	8	13	2.1%	3.1%
930	Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents	66	61	16	23	26.8%	37.9%
940	Tax preparers	65	58	3	3	4.9%	6.0%
960	Other financial specialists	79	83	3	4	3.8%	5.2%
	PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS	39,122	38,369	5,722	6,506	14.9%	17.0%
1005	Computer and information research scientists	39	42	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1006	Computer systems analysts	526	555	20	27	3.6%	4.8%
1007	Information security analysts	123	127	1	2	0.6%	1.4%
1010	Computer programmers	382	409	12	16	3.0%	4.0%
1021	Software developers	1,545	1,773	44	52	2.5%	3.0%
1022	Software quality assurance analysts and testers	86	102	0	2	0.3%	1.9%
1031	Web developers	83	92	2	3	2.7%	3.5%
1032	Web and digital interface designers	62	57	3	4	4.7%	7.3%
1050	Computer support specialists	627	627	40	54	6.3%	8.6%
1065	Database administrators and architects	107	110	2	4	1.7%	3.6%
1105	Network and computer systems administrators	241	243	14	17	5.9%	7.0%
1106	Computer network architects	88	94	1	2	0.6%	1.9%
1108	Computer occupations, all other	738	771	36	53	4.6%	6.8%
1200	Actuaries	23	26	2	2	7.1%	7.1%
1220	Operations research analysts	179	157	17	21	10.9%	13.1%
1240	Other mathematical science occupations	136	132	9	11	6.7%	8.2%
1305	Architects, except landscape and naval	138	144	5	5	3.6%	3.6%
1306	Landscape architects	19	17	1	1	7.4%	7.4%
1310	Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists	44	44	4	5	9.9%	10.8%
1320	Aerospace engineers	111	122	11	12	9.0%	9.9%
1340	Bioengineers and biomedical engineers	22	28	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1350	Chemical engineers	70	72	4	5	5.1%	6.8%
1360	Civil engineers	402	389	39	44	9.9%	11.3%
1400	Computer hardware engineers	75	84	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1410	Electrical and electronics engineers	236	248	9	9	3.5%	3.5%
1420	Environmental engineers	35	26	1	1	2.6%	4.7%
1430	Industrial engineers, including health and safety	217	231	8	9	3.2%	3.8%
1440	Marine engineers and naval architects	19	18	2	3	12.2%	16.3%
1450	Materials engineers	51	53	1	1	1.8%	1.8%
1460	Mechanical engineers	328	352	11	21	3.1%	6.0%
1520	Petroleum engineers	38	33	1	1	4.5%	4.5%
1530	Engineers, all other	540	565	37	47	6.6%	8.3%
1541	Architectural and civil drafters	42	37	1	1	2.5%	2.5%
1545	Other drafters	92	79	5	5	6.8%	6.8%
1551	Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians	91	83	13	15	15.8%	17.6%
1555	Other engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters	373	365	32	37	8.8%	10.3%
1560	Surveying and mapping technicians	55	45	4	5	8.7%	11.6%
1600	Agricultural and food scientists	35	29	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
1610	Biological scientists	103	77	10	10	12.6%	13.0%
1640	Conservation scientists and foresters	27	11	0	1	1.5%	5.5%
1650	Medical scientists	131	129	6	10	4.3%	7.8%
1700	Astronomers and physicists	19	19	3	5	14.2%	26.7%
1710	Atmospheric and space scientists	17	10	1	1	6.1%	6.1%
1720	Chemists and materials scientists	86	87	2	2	2.3%	2.3%
1745	Environmental scientists and specialists, including health	39	39	6	9	15.2%	22.1%
1750	Geoscientists and hydrologists, except geographers	52	44	2	2	5.4%	5.4%
1760	Physical scientists, all other	333	347	20	24	5.8%	6.8%
1800	Economists	60	28	1	2	2.0%	8.6%
1821	Clinical and counseling psychologists	11	12	1	1	9.4%	9.4%
1822	School psychologists	41	40	17	21	42.3%	52.6%
1825	Other psychologists	87	79	7	12	9.5%	14.9%
1840	Urban and regional planners	44	47	13	13	28.0%	28.0%
1860	Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers	73	49	2	2	3.2%	3.4%
1900	Agricultural and food science technicians	40	41	3	3	6.6%	8.3%
1910	Biological technicians	27	26	3	5	12.3%	21.4%
1920	Chemical technicians	66	68	7	7	10.7%	10.7%
1935	Environmental science and geoscience technicians	31	25	7	7	26.6%	26.6%
1970	Other life, physical, and social science technicians	263	250	21	30	8.4%	12.0%
1980	Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians	84	83	17	18	20.0%	21.1%
2001	Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors	120	122	19	22	15.2%	17.8%
2002	Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors	328	331	97	108	29.2%	32.8%
2003	Marriage and family therapists	27	27	2	3	8.3%	12.0%
2004	Mental health counselors	119	105	10	12	9.4%	11.7%
2005	Rehabilitation counselors	25	24	2	4	8.9%	14.5%
2006	Counselors, all other	179	173	9	12	4.9%	6.8%
2011	Child, family, and school social workers	75	64	16	17	25.9%	26.1%
2012	Healthcare social workers	83	81	15	17	18.9%	21.4%
2013	Mental health and substance abuse social workers	22	24	1	3	5.8%	10.9%
2014	Social workers, all other	661	661	129	146	19.5%	22.0%
2015	Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists	109	111	50	53	45.0%	47.9%
2016	Social and human service assistants	244	216	31	32	14.6%	14.9%
2025	Other community and social service specialists	103	100	8	10	7.7%	10.0%
2040	Clergy	442	405	10	11	2.5%	2.7%
2050	Directors, religious activities and education	76	62	1	1	2.3%	2.3%
2060	Religious workers, all other	67	66	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2100	Lawyers	1,075	939	68	78	7.2%	8.3%
2105	Judicial law clerks	23	15	1	1	9.6%	9.6%
2145	Paralegals and legal assistants	390	383	18	22	4.7%	5.6%
2170	Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers	113	107	11	13	10.5%	11.7%
2180	Legal support workers, all other	76	81	7	7	8.1%	8.1%
2205	Postsecondary teachers	1,259	1,162	237	274	20.4%	23.6%
2300	Preschool and kindergarten teachers	555	521	105	114	20.2%	21.9%
2310	Elementary and middle school teachers	3,494	3,345	1,591	1,755	47.5%	52.5%
2320	Secondary school teachers	1,068	984	523	575	53.2%	58.5%
2330	Special education teachers	359	330	190	207	57.5%	62.7%
2350	Tutors	149	158	13	17	8.3%	10.8%
2360	Other teachers and instructors	577	559	47	59	8.3%	10.6%
2400	Archivists, curators, and museum technicians	64	51	4	4	7.3%	7.3%
2435	Librarians and media collections specialists	193	164	42	47	25.7%	28.8%
2440	Library technicians	34	31	9	11	29.2%	34.9%
2545	Teaching assistants	1,252	1,187	313	342	26.4%	28.8%
2555	Other educational instruction and library workers	185	148	29	35	19.4%	24.0%
2600	Artists and related workers	101	109	7	7	6.2%	6.2%
2631	Commercial and industrial designers	8	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2632	Fashion designers	23	30	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2633	Floral designers	57	53	2	2	4.5%	4.5%
2634	Graphic designers	226	250	7	10	2.9%	4.0%
2635	Interior designers	85	90	6	7	6.8%	7.9%
2636	Merchandise displayers and window trimmers	27	26	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2640	Other designers	257	289	14	15	4.8%	5.3%
2700	Actors	15	16	4	4	24.4%	24.4%
2710	Producers and directors	133	139	16	18	11.9%	12.9%
2721	Athletes and sports competitors	20	23	3	5	11.1%	20.1%
2722	Coaches and scouts	172	174	8	11	4.6%	6.5%
2723	Umpires, referees, and other sports officials	26	26	1	1	4.0%	4.0%
2740	Dancers and choreographers	5	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2751	Music directors and composers	28	24	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2752	Musicians and singers	47	47	3	4	5.4%	8.8%
2755	Disc jockeys, except radio	1	1	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
2770	Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other	10	14	5	5	37.9%	37.9%
2805	Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys	28	23	2	2	6.6%	6.6%
2810	News analysts, reporters, and journalists	94	69	11	11	15.5%	16.4%
2825	Public relations specialists	160	136	5	8	3.7%	5.5%
2830	Editors	89	77	1	1	1.8%	1.8%
2840	Technical writers	58	60	3	5	5.7%	8.0%
2850	Writers and authors	132	115	4	6	3.1%	5.3%
2861	Interpreters and translators	58	60	6	6	9.9%	9.9%
2862	Court reporters and simultaneous captioners	21	22	3	3	13.6%	13.6%
2865	Media and communication workers, all other	12	17	2	2	10.1%	10.1%
2905	Broadcast, sound, and lighting technicians	61	69	12	12	17.8%	17.8%
2910	Photographers	75	86	1	1	0.7%	0.7%
2920	Television, video, and film camera operators and editors	51	50	6	6	11.2%	11.2%
3000	Chiropractors	17	17	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
3010	Dentists	68	69	7	8	10.1%	12.1%
3030	Dietitians and nutritionists	107	97	10	10	10.4%	10.5%
3040	Optometrists	31	26	6	6	22.4%	22.4%
3050	Pharmacists	323	307	17	18	5.6%	6.0%
3090	Other physicians	864	857	46	71	5.3%	8.3%
3100	Surgeons	54	49	1	1	2.5%	2.5%
3110	Physician assistants	133	130	5	8	3.7%	6.3%
3120	Podiatrists	6	5	1	1	25.5%	25.5%
3140	Audiologists	19	15	4	4	23.2%	23.2%
3150	Occupational therapists	129	120	20	22	16.9%	18.6%
3160	Physical therapists	271	264	15	19	5.6%	7.1%
3200	Radiation therapists	15	13	1	1	4.1%	4.1%
3210	Recreational therapists	17	18	3	3	16.4%	18.5%
3220	Respiratory therapists	121	113	18	19	16.0%	16.9%
3230	Speech-language pathologists	182	191	47	53	24.4%	27.6%
3245	Therapists, all other	209	209	11	12	5.1%	5.5%
3250	Veterinarians	63	60	4	5	6.3%	8.3%
3255	Registered nurses	3,412	3,243	552	614	17.0%	18.9%
3256	Nurse anesthetists	40	37	5	7	12.7%	18.9%
3258	Nurse practitioners	237	223	16	25	7.3%	11.3%
3261	Acupuncturists	6	8	1	1	18.3%	18.3%
3270	Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other	4	3	1	1	43.6%	43.6%
3300	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	338	328	31	33	9.4%	10.0%
3310	Dental hygienists	180	162	4	6	2.7%	3.9%
3321	Cardiovascular technologists and technicians	44	42	2	5	5.5%	11.4%
3322	Diagnostic medical sonographers	95	84	5	6	5.9%	7.4%
3323	Radiologic technologists and technicians	271	258	30	32	11.8%	12.3%
3324	Magnetic resonance imaging technologists	54	59	4	6	7.5%	9.8%
3330	Nuclear medicine technologists and medical dosimetrists	36	42	1	1	3.4%	3.4%
3401	Emergency medical technicians	145	148	28	31	19.0%	21.2%
3402	Paramedics	81	75	24	25	31.6%	33.9%
3421	Pharmacy technicians	337	343	21	22	6.1%	6.5%
3422	Psychiatric technicians	64	67	10	11	15.4%	16.9%
3423	Surgical technologists	102	86	7	7	8.1%	8.1%
3424	Veterinary technologists and technicians	109	97	2	2	1.8%	1.8%
3430	Dietetic technicians and ophthalmic medical technicians	63	65	8	8	12.2%	12.2%
3500	Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses	596	600	72	80	12.0%	13.3%
3515	Medical records specialists	197	176	9	11	5.3%	6.1%
3520	Opticians, dispensing	36	36	2	3	5.0%	8.4%
3545	Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians	171	175	13	16	7.1%	9.2%
3550	Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations	75	77	5	9	6.9%	12.3%
3601	Home health aides	440	514	49	52	9.5%	10.1%
3602	Personal care aides	1,268	1,274	110	122	8.6%	9.6%
3603	Nursing assistants	1,383	1,350	128	145	9.5%	10.8%
3605	Orderlies and psychiatric aides	55	69	11	15	15.6%	21.5%
3610	Occupational therapy assistants and aides	38	37	1	2	1.4%	4.8%
3620	Physical therapist assistants and aides	82	84	4	4	4.2%	4.4%
3630	Massage therapists	78	77	1	1	1.0%	1.0%
3640	Dental assistants	284	292	7	14	2.5%	4.7%
3645	Medical assistants	509	543	40	45	7.4%	8.2%
3646	Medical transcriptionists	39	46	3	5	7.1%	11.3%
3647	Pharmacy aides	46	42	1	1	2.6%	2.6%
3648	Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers	59	62	0	2	0.0%	2.8%
3649	Phlebotomists	102	104	6	7	6.1%	6.5%
3655	Other healthcare support workers	139	146	15	21	10.0%	14.1%
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS	15,690	15,888	1,798	1,970	11.3%	12.4%
3700	First-line supervisors of correctional officers	54	51	19	21	36.5%	41.0%
3710	First-line supervisors of police and detectives	97	91	45	50	49.0%	54.6%
3720	First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers	51	35	20	20	55.5%	57.2%
3725	First-line supervisors of security workers	73	76	9	10	11.5%	13.3%
3740	Firefighters	327	339	236	243	69.7%	71.8%
3750	Fire inspectors	22	24	5	5	19.6%	22.9%
3801	Bailiffs	16	13	1	3	11.6%	23.1%
3802	Correctional officers and jailers	317	343	144	152	41.9%	44.2%
3820	Detectives and criminal investigators	152	151	54	57	36.0%	37.6%
3840	Parking enforcement workers	19	15	3	3	18.4%	18.4%
3870	Police officers	738	764	424	441	55.5%	57.7%
3900	Animal control workers	9	9	4	4	40.6%	40.6%
3910	Private detectives and investigators	78	76	6	6	8.2%	8.2%
3930	Security guards and gambling surveillance officers	765	806	99	114	12.3%	14.2%
3940	Crossing guards and flaggers	51	47	10	12	21.7%	25.2%
3945	Transportation security screeners	43	44	13	14	29.3%	32.1%
3946	School bus monitors	13	13	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
3960	Other protective service workers	109	108	10	11	9.3%	10.4%
4000	Chefs and head cooks	341	364	15	18	4.1%	4.9%
4010	First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers	426	418	10	15	2.4%	3.5%
4020	Cooks	1,696	1,697	65	80	3.8%	4.7%
4030	Food preparation workers	805	810	50	59	6.2%	7.3%
4040	Bartenders	319	309	8	10	2.7%	3.2%
4055	Fast food and counter workers	627	675	20	26	2.9%	3.8%
4110	Waiters and waitresses	1,323	1,385	15	21	1.1%	1.6%
4120	Food servers, nonrestaurant	165	168	15	15	9.0%	9.0%
4130	Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers	231	239	14	15	6.0%	6.2%
4140	Dishwashers	170	174	5	5	3.0%	3.1%
4150	Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop	220	224	1	3	0.6%	1.4%
4160	Food preparation and serving related workers, all other	6	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4200	First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers	192	182	19	19	10.2%	10.4%
4210	First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers	111	111	4	4	3.9%	3.9%
4220	Janitors and building cleaners	1,918	1,817	253	281	13.9%	15.5%
4230	Maids and housekeeping cleaners	986	978	61	67	6.2%	6.9%
4240	Pest control workers	84	94	2	4	2.4%	3.9%
4251	Landscaping and groundskeeping workers	770	808	45	50	5.6%	6.2%
4252	Tree trimmers and pruners	76	93	9	9	9.9%	9.9%
4255	Other grounds maintenance workers	21	22	1	1	6.7%	6.7%
4330	Supervisors of personal care and service workers	117	119	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4340	Animal trainers	36	44	1	1	2.7%	2.7%
4350	Animal caretakers	185	196	4	7	2.2%	3.5%
4400	Gambling services workers	76	67	7	7	10.1%	10.1%
4420	Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers	21	20	2	2	8.5%	8.5%
4435	Other entertainment attendants and related workers	141	143	5	5	3.4%	3.4%
4461	Embalmers, crematory operators and funeral attendants	17	14	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4465	Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers	17	13	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4500	Barbers	49	59	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4510	Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists	327	339	2	7	0.6%	2.1%
4521	Manicurists and pedicurists	129	147	1	1	0.8%	0.8%
4522	Skincare specialists	36	44	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4525	Other personal appearance workers	11	12	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4530	Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges	53	54	13	13	23.8%	24.5%
4540	Tour and travel guides	37	35	3	4	8.4%	12.5%
4600	Childcare workers	654	644	27	35	4.2%	5.4%
4621	Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors	115	118	9	10	7.3%	8.7%
4622	Recreation workers	135	132	4	5	3.0%	3.6%
4640	Residential advisors	38	37	4	4	10.7%	10.7%
4655	Personal care and service workers, all other	75	72	1	1	1.5%	1.5%
	SALES AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS	12,109	12,135	389	444	3.2%	3.7%
4700	First-Line supervisors of retail sales workers	2,454	2,339	109	123	4.7%	5.3%
4710	First-Line supervisors of non-retail sales workers	849	826	17	19	2.0%	2.4%
4720	Cashiers	2,485	2,584	122	132	4.7%	5.1%
4740	Counter and rental clerks	76	73	3	3	3.5%	4.3%
4750	Parts salespersons	130	117	1	3	1.1%	2.6%
4760	Retail salespersons	2,552	2,589	52	57	2.0%	2.2%
4800	Advertising sales agents	129	126	2	2	1.4%	1.4%
4810	Insurance sales agents	513	518	8	13	1.6%	2.5%
4820	Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents	190	209	2	2	1.0%	1.0%
4830	Travel agents	41	40	2	2	4.1%	4.1%
4840	Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, and travel	510	533	16	21	3.1%	3.9%
4850	Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing	1,172	1,145	22	26	2.0%	2.2%
4900	Models, demonstrators, and product promoters	26	19	1	1	4.1%	4.1%
4920	Real estate brokers and sales agents	567	588	26	33	4.4%	5.6%
4930	Sales engineers	28	37	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4940	Telemarketers	35	37	1	1	3.8%	3.8%
4950	Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers	67	63	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
4965	Sales and related workers, all other	285	291	5	5	1.8%	1.8%
	OFFICE AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	15,374	14,989	1,344	1,494	9.0%	10.0%
5000	First-Line supervisors of office and administrative support workers	1,301	1,225	66	78	5.4%	6.3%
5010	Switchboard operators, including answering service	16	11	2	2	20.7%	20.7%
5020	Telephone operators	27	24	3	3	12.2%	12.2%
5040	Communications equipment operators, all other	14	11	3	3	24.8%	24.8%
5100	Bill and account collectors	97	104	2	2	2.2%	2.2%
5110	Billing and posting clerks	439	430	12	20	2.9%	4.6%
5120	Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks	1,049	972	33	37	3.4%	3.8%
5140	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	149	147	9	11	6.2%	7.2%
5150	Procurement clerks	35	28	2	2	7.9%	7.9%
5160	Tellers	297	281	10	13	3.7%	4.5%
5165	Financial clerks, all other	120	111	4	4	3.8%	3.8%
5220	Court, municipal, and license clerks	90	77	19	22	24.6%	28.0%
5230	Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks	45	43	0	1	0.0%	2.9%
5240	Customer service representatives	2,281	2,384	113	127	4.7%	5.3%
5250	Eligibility interviewers, government programs	75	76	34	38	44.3%	50.1%
5260	File clerks	161	159	13	13	8.2%	8.2%
5300	Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks	115	102	4	4	4.1%	4.4%
5310	Interviewers, except eligibility and loan	219	208	26	27	12.5%	13.1%
5320	Library assistants, clerical	78	70	10	10	14.1%	14.1%
5330	Loan interviewers and clerks	150	143	7	7	4.8%	5.2%
5340	New accounts clerks	21	24	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
5350	Order clerks	100	104	6	8	6.2%	7.6%
5360	Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping	48	51	9	10	17.6%	19.6%
5400	Receptionists and information clerks	1,129	1,124	50	58	4.5%	5.2%
5410	Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks	94	99	15	18	15.5%	17.7%
5420	Information and record clerks, all other	98	106	17	19	15.7%	18.0%
5500	Cargo and freight agents	24	20	4	4	19.5%	19.5%
5510	Couriers and messengers	451	486	61	68	12.6%	13.9%
5521	Public safety telecommunicators	111	107	25	27	23.8%	25.5%
5522	Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance	187	201	23	25	11.7%	12.3%
5530	Meter readers, utilities	21	18	5	5	28.4%	28.4%
5540	Postal service clerks	104	88	63	65	71.7%	74.1%
5550	Postal service mail carriers	341	316	206	225	65.1%	71.3%
5560	Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators	72	69	46	48	66.6%	69.2%
5600	Production, planning, and expediting clerks	266	261	28	32	10.8%	12.4%
5610	Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks	529	567	41	43	7.2%	7.6%
5630	Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping	63	60	6	9	10.8%	14.4%
5710	Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants	200	188	7	8	3.7%	4.3%
5720	Legal secretaries and administrative assistants	66	61	5	5	8.4%	8.4%
5730	Medical secretaries and administrative assistants	77	72	10	13	14.0%	17.8%
5740	Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive	2,195	2,007	155	172	7.7%	8.5%
5810	Data entry keyers	203	210	12	14	5.5%	6.8%
5820	Word processors and typists	48	40	1	3	3.6%	7.3%
5840	Insurance claims and policy processing clerks	238	240	3	3	1.3%	1.3%
5850	Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service	53	52	4	4	7.8%	7.8%
5860	Office clerks, general	1,243	1,218	126	137	10.3%	11.3%
5900	Office machine operators, except computer	28	22	2	2	10.3%	10.3%
5910	Proofreaders and copy markers	7	4	0	0	4.0%	4.0%
5920	Statistical assistants	66	66	2	3	3.7%	4.4%
5940	Office and administrative support workers, all other	533	505	37	42	7.4%	8.4%
	FARMING, FISHING, AND FORESTRY OCCUPATIONS	1,011	928	24	27	2.6%	2.9%
6005	First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers	45	46	5	5	11.2%	11.2%
6010	Agricultural inspectors	20	14	5	5	35.0%	37.6%
6040	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	42	43	3	5	7.3%	10.5%
6050	Miscellaneous agricultural workers	817	758	8	9	1.0%	1.1%
6115	Fishing and hunting workers	23	14	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
6120	Forest and conservation workers	17	19	3	3	16.3%	16.3%
6130	Logging workers	47	34	0	0	1.1%	1.1%
	CONSTRUCTION AND EXTRACTION OCCUPATIONS	6,198	6,243	1,105	1,167	17.7%	18.7%
6200	First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers	640	609	120	127	19.7%	20.9%
6210	Boilermakers	16	15	5	5	32.9%	32.9%
6220	Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons	83	100	18	19	18.3%	19.2%
6230	Carpenters	819	804	117	122	14.5%	15.1%
6240	Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers	110	124	11	12	9.1%	9.6%
6250	Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers	48	57	5	5	9.3%	9.3%
6260	Construction laborers	1,382	1,505	177	192	11.8%	12.8%
6305	Construction equipment operators	399	343	76	77	22.1%	22.6%
6330	Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers	109	139	5	9	3.6%	6.6%
6355	Electricians	778	779	242	253	31.1%	32.4%
6360	Glaziers	43	43	8	9	17.4%	20.3%
6400	Insulation workers	54	51	7	7	13.4%	13.4%
6410	Painters and paperhangers	304	346	29	31	8.4%	9.0%
6441	Pipelayers	45	41	12	12	28.4%	29.8%
6442	Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	462	459	124	127	26.9%	27.7%
6460	Plasterers and stucco masons	20	25	1	1	5.9%	5.9%
6515	Roofers	141	165	15	19	9.4%	11.5%
6520	Sheet metal workers	112	109	30	32	28.0%	29.4%
6530	Structural iron and steel workers	39	42	14	14	33.2%	33.2%
6540	Solar photovoltaic installers	17	21	3	3	13.8%	13.8%
6600	Helpers, construction trades	43	51	5	5	8.9%	8.9%
6660	Construction and building inspectors	81	82	16	18	19.2%	21.3%
6700	Elevator and escalator installers and repairers	18	17	11	11	68.8%	68.8%
6710	Fence erectors	25	29	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
6720	Hazardous materials removal workers	30	30	5	5	16.3%	18.3%
6730	Highway maintenance workers	116	94	22	24	23.2%	25.0%
6740	Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators	6	5	3	3	65.1%	65.1%
6765	Miscellaneous construction and related workers	27	28	8	8	27.8%	29.6%
6800	Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil and gas	43	23	3	3	12.2%	12.2%
6825	Earth drillers, except oil and gas	31	25	3	3	11.0%	11.0%
6835	Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters	15	6	0	1	7.1%	9.3%
6850	Underground mining machine operators	70	35	4	4	11.6%	11.6%
6950	Other extraction workers	72	40	5	5	13.3%	13.6%
	INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS	4,426	4,263	619	675	14.5%	15.8%
7000	First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers	255	213	15	15	7.0%	7.2%
7010	Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers	139	151	3	8	2.1%	5.5%
7020	Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers	135	132	45	49	34.2%	37.3%
7030	Avionics technicians	6	8	4	4	45.6%	45.6%
7040	Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers	21	15	2	2	13.3%	13.3%
7100	Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial and utility	21	16	7	7	45.5%	45.5%
7120	Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers	19	24	1	1	5.2%	5.2%
7130	Security and fire alarm systems installers	46	52	5	5	9.7%	9.7%
7140	Aircraft mechanics and service technicians	156	151	53	56	35.0%	37.2%
7150	Automotive body and related repairers	117	109	3	4	2.5%	3.5%
7160	Automotive glass installers and repairers	12	12	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7200	Automotive service technicians and mechanics	600	617	20	28	3.2%	4.5%
7210	Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists	345	319	53	53	16.5%	16.7%
7220	Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics	241	183	28	32	15.3%	17.3%
7240	Small engine mechanics	44	41	1	1	2.4%	2.4%
7260	Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers	82	79	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
7300	Control and valve installers and repairers	24	25	7	7	28.4%	29.7%
7315	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers	378	402	45	49	11.2%	12.2%
7320	Home appliance repairers	23	24	1	1	5.6%	5.6%
7330	Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics	440	412	72	80	17.5%	19.5%
7340	Maintenance and repair workers, general	619	588	75	83	12.7%	14.2%
7350	Maintenance workers, machinery	29	23	5	5	22.7%	22.7%
7360	Millwrights	62	62	26	27	41.7%	43.1%
7410	Electrical power-line installers and repairers	152	141	65	68	45.8%	47.8%
7420	Telecommunications line installers and repairers	150	158	49	50	31.3%	32.0%
7430	Precision instrument and equipment repairers	72	67	7	7	10.7%	10.7%
7510	Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers	32	28	6	7	19.8%	25.3%
7540	Locksmiths and safe repairers	19	19	4	4	19.3%	19.3%
7560	Riggers	12	7	1	1	13.8%	13.8%
7610	Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers	17	17	1	1	3.1%	3.1%
7640	Other installation, maintenance, and repair workers	158	167	17	19	10.3%	11.3%
	PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS	7,401	7,319	868	941	11.9%	12.9%
7700	First-line supervisors of production and operating workers	753	729	64	71	8.7%	9.8%
7720	Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers	94	92	11	11	12.1%	12.1%
7730	Engine and other machine assemblers	3	3	1	1	18.3%	18.3%
7740	Structural metal fabricators and fitters	20	18	4	4	21.0%	21.0%
7750	Other assemblers and fabricators	869	881	106	108	12.1%	12.3%
7800	Bakers	199	198	13	14	6.5%	7.2%
7810	Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers	271	250	69	78	27.6%	31.1%
7830	Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders	8	8	1	1	15.9%	15.9%
7840	Food batchmakers	78	84	9	9	10.8%	10.8%
7850	Food cooking machine operators and tenders	10	11	2	2	20.0%	20.0%
7855	Food processing workers, all other	135	122	12	12	9.8%	9.8%
7905	Computer numerically controlled tool operators and programmers	98	97	16	16	16.0%	16.0%
7925	Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	26	27	3	4	12.0%	13.2%
7950	Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	66	70	6	9	8.3%	13.2%
8000	Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	35	36	9	10	26.2%	26.8%
8025	Other machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	9	8	1	1	17.9%	17.9%
8030	Machinists	325	309	38	39	12.4%	12.7%
8040	Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters	19	20	5	5	23.2%	26.4%
8100	Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	44	47	3	4	6.8%	9.6%
8130	Tool and die makers	37	38	3	3	7.8%	7.8%
8140	Welding, soldering, and brazing workers	558	508	66	70	13.0%	13.7%
8225	Other metal workers and plastic workers	331	345	39	42	11.3%	12.1%
8250	Prepress technicians and workers	14	18	1	1	7.3%	7.3%
8255	Printing press operators	133	130	12	12	9.5%	9.5%
8256	Print binding and finishing workers	17	16	2	2	10.0%	10.0%
8300	Laundry and dry-cleaning workers	124	120	8	11	6.4%	8.9%
8310	Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials	22	26	1	1	4.7%	4.7%
8320	Sewing machine operators	106	103	4	4	4.0%	4.3%
8335	Shoe and leather workers	8	7	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8350	Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers	40	38	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8365	Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders	17	16	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8450	Upholsterers	21	21	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8465	Other textile, apparel, and furnishings workers	11	12	2	2	19.4%	19.4%
8500	Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters	38	33	1	2	2.2%	4.9%
8510	Furniture finishers	9	12	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8530	Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood	26	21	2	2	11.5%	11.5%
8540	Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing	13	12	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8555	Other woodworkers	15	13	1	1	6.1%	6.1%
8600	Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers	54	38	12	13	31.2%	34.9%
8610	Stationary engineers and boiler operators	54	47	10	14	22.0%	29.1%
8620	Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators	122	118	32	32	27.3%	27.3%
8630	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	48	43	12	12	27.7%	27.7%
8640	Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders	56	50	6	6	12.1%	12.1%
8650	Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers	80	81	3	3	3.3%	3.3%
8710	Cutting workers	63	62	5	7	7.8%	10.8%
8720	Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders	20	23	6	6	23.8%	23.8%
8730	Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders	12	10	1	2	9.2%	22.5%
8740	Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers	716	727	72	77	9.9%	10.6%
8750	Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers	33	32	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8760	Dental and ophthalmic laboratory technicians and medical appliance technicians	65	71	5	5	7.5%	7.5%
8800	Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders	244	239	33	35	13.7%	14.6%
8810	Painting workers	142	144	19	22	13.2%	15.4%
8830	Photographic process workers and processing machine operators	5	5	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8850	Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders	12	10	1	1	13.1%	13.1%
8910	Etchers and engravers	4	4	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8920	Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic	20	19	0	0	0.0%	0.9%
8930	Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders	24	23	5	6	21.1%	24.5%
8940	Tire builders	1	0	0	0	0.0%	0.0%
8950	Helpers--production workers	36	39	1	1	2.8%	2.8%
8990	Other production workers	988	1,033	130	146	12.5%	14.1%
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	9,761	9,951	1,420	1,519	14.3%	15.3%
9005	Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers	243	241	38	43	16.0%	18.0%
9030	Aircraft pilots and flight engineers	158	152	87	90	57.1%	59.1%
9040	Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists	39	32	18	19	55.4%	58.9%
9050	Flight attendants	78	77	44	49	57.7%	63.0%
9110	Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians	12	9	1	2	7.7%	23.9%
9121	Bus drivers, school	236	213	53	57	24.7%	26.9%
9122	Bus drivers, transit and intercity	188	186	85	87	45.6%	46.9%
9130	Driver/sales workers and truck drivers	2,981	2,917	334	363	11.5%	12.4%
9141	Shuttle drivers and chauffeurs	74	74	3	5	3.8%	6.3%
9142	Taxi drivers	181	217	16	19	7.4%	9.0%
9150	Motor vehicle operators, all other	130	125	13	15	10.2%	11.9%
9210	Locomotive engineers and operators	70	50	35	35	69.0%	69.0%
9240	Railroad conductors and yardmasters	37	35	28	28	81.6%	81.6%
9265	Other rail transportation workers	13	11	8	8	73.6%	73.6%
9300	Sailors and marine oilers	23	19	4	4	18.7%	18.7%
9310	Ship and boat captains and operators	36	32	5	5	14.6%	14.6%
9350	Parking attendants	48	60	7	7	11.5%	12.0%
9365	Transportation service attendants	107	101	15	15	14.7%	15.1%
9410	Transportation inspectors	31	28	10	11	34.6%	41.0%
9415	Passenger attendants	25	24	4	6	16.1%	23.4%
9430	Other transportation workers	28	25	6	6	24.9%	24.9%
9510	Crane and tower operators	57	48	21	21	43.6%	43.6%
9570	Conveyor, dredge, and hoist and winch operators	25	23	2	2	9.8%	9.8%
9600	Industrial truck and tractor operators	487	530	75	78	14.1%	14.7%
9610	Cleaners of vehicles and equipment	269	286	16	19	5.8%	6.6%
9620	Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand	1,946	2,026	275	292	13.6%	14.4%
9630	Machine feeders and offbearers	14	13	1	1	10.2%	10.2%
9640	Packers and packagers, hand	537	639	50	54	7.9%	8.5%
9645	Stockers and order fillers	1,503	1,601	132	143	8.3%	8.9%
9650	Pumping station operators	30	18	1	1	7.4%	7.4%
9720	Refuse and recyclable material collectors	90	83	18	18	21.7%	21.7%
9760	Other material moving workers	65	55	15	15	26.5%	27.4%
Copyright 2025 by Barry T. Hirsch, David A. Macpherson, and William E. Even.  The use of this data requires citation.